从父目录相对导入 [英] Relative import from parent directory

问题描述

如何从父目录进行相对导入?

How does one do a relative import from a parent directory?

来自meme/cmd/meme:

import "../../../meme"

这给出了一个模棱两可的错误:

This gives an ambiguous error:

matt@stanley:~/gopath/src/bitbucket.org/anacrolix/meme/cmd/meme$ go get bitbucket.org/anacrolix/meme/cmd/meme

can't load package: /home/matt/gopath/src/bitbucket.org/anacrolix/meme/cmd/meme/main.go:8:2: local import "../../../meme" in non-local package

matt@stanley:~/gopath/src/bitbucket.org/anacrolix/meme/cmd/meme$ echo $GOPATH

/home/matt/gopath

如何从父目录本地导入?

How do I import locally from a parent directory?

推荐答案

感谢您添加问题.首先是一个答案，然后是一些解释.我构建了你的代码，

Thanks for adding to your question. First, an answer, then some explanation. I built your code by,

1. 去拿，就像你曾经拥有的那样.(我忽略了错误消息.)
2. 将 main.go 中的导入行设置回../../../meme"，如您所愿.
3. (注释掉一些包含未使用变量的代码.)
4. 然后在 meme/cmd/meme 目录中，go run main.go 或 go build main.go 工作.

1. go get, just as you had it. (I ignored the error messages.)
2. setting the import line in main.go back to "../../../meme", as you wanted to do.
3. (commenting out a little bit of code containing an unused variable.)
4. then in the meme/cmd/meme directory, either go run main.go or go build main.go worked.

当我说 go install 有效时，我之前的评论是错误的；我应该说去构建.

I was wrong in my comment earlier when I said go install works; I should have said go build.

然而，关键是 go build 本身是行不通的；你必须输入 go build main.go.这是因为 go 命令不允许在非本地包中进行本地导入".你是对的，规范在这里没什么帮助.它狡猾地说，ImportPath 的解释是依赖于实现的."当前的实现行为是使用 CL 5787055 设置的，随后是 对 Go-nuts 进行了详细的辩论.

The key however is that go build alone does not work; you must type go build main.go. This is because the go command does not allow "local imports in non-local packages." You are right that spec is of little help here. It weasels out saying, "The interpretation of the ImportPath is implementation-dependent." The current implementation behavior was set with CL 5787055, which was subsequently debated at length on Go-nuts.

本地"表示用文件系统相对路径表示.显然以 .. 开头的相对路径是本地的，所以诀窍是让 go 命令也将 main 视为本地包.当您键入 go build 时，它显然不会这样做，但是当您键入 go build main.go 时会这样做.

"Local" means indicated with a file system relative path. Obviously a relative path starting with .. is local, so the trick is just getting the go command to treat main as a local package as well. It apparently doesn't do this when you type go build, but does when you type go build main.go.

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