Python中的相对导入 [英] Relative imports in Python

问题描述

嘿所有 - 我用Python中的相对导入拉出我的头发。我已经阅读了30次文档和SO和其他论坛上的大量帖子 - 似乎仍然没有用。

Hey all -- I am pulling my hair out with relative imports in Python. I've read the documentation 30 times and numerous posts here on SO and other forums -- still doesn't seem to work.

我的目录结构目前看起来像这样

My directory structure currently looks like this

src/
    __init__.py
    main.py
    components/
        __init__.py
        expander.py
        language_id.py
    utilities/
        __init__.py
        functions.py

我希望expandder.py和language_id.py能够访问功能模块。我运行python main.py，它可以很好地从components.expander import *和components.language_id import *。访问模块。

I want expander.py and language_id.py to have access to the functions module. I run python main.py which accesses the modules just fine with from components.expander import * and components.language_id import *.

然而，扩展器内的代码和language_id到访问功能模块：

However, the code inside expander and language_id to access the functions module:

from ..utilities.functions import *

我收到此错误：

ValueError: Attempted relative import beyond toplevel package

我已经过了很多次，似乎遵循文档。任何人对这里出了什么问题都有任何想法吗？

I have gone over it a bunch of times and it seems to follow the documentation. Anyone have any ideas of what's going wrong here?

推荐答案

没关系，我解决了这个问题：

Nevermind, I solved it:

src/
    main.py
    mod/
        __init__.py
        components/
            __init__.py
            expander.py
            language_id.py
        utilities/
            __init__.py
            functions.py

main.py然后将子包引用为：

main.py then refers to the subpackages as:

from mod.components.expander import *
from mod.utilities.functions import *

expander.py和language_id.py可以访问functions.py，其中包含：

expander.py and language_id.py have access to functions.py with:

from ..utilities.functions import *

但有趣的是我在componentsder.py使用的components目录中有一个文本文件。但是，在运行时，即使文件位于同一目录中，也无法找到该文件。我将文本文件移动到与main.py相同的目录，并且它工作正常。似乎违反直觉。

But the interesting thing is that I had a text file inside the components directory that expander.py uses. However, at runtime it couldn't locate the file even though it was in the same directory. I moved the text file to the same directory as main.py and it worked. Seems counter-intuitive.

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