Python：如何使用相对导入导入包root [英] Python: How to import package root with relative imports

问题描述

我在python包的顶级__init__.py中定义了大量名称。我想使用 relative 导入来导入此命名空间，因为我不一定知道运行时的包名称（它甚至可能用作其他包的子包）。例如，请使用以下包：

I have a large number of names defined in the top-level __init__.py of a python package. I would like to use a relative import to import this namespace because I do not necessarily know the package name at runtime (it might even be used as a sub-package of some other package). For example, take the following package:

my_package/
    __init__.py
        a = 1
        b = 2
        ...
    my_module.py
        from . import ??? as my_package
        print(my_package.a)

如何修复my_module中的import语句这样print语句可以正常工作吗？我也宁愿避免。 import a，b，... ;我只想将整个包命名空间作为一个变量导入。

How shall I fix the import statement in my_module such that the print statement works correctly? I would also rather avoid from . import a, b, ...; I just want the entire package namespace imported as one variable.

我试过。将__init__导入为my_package ，但在这种情况下， my_package 作为方法包装器导入，而不是模块。我也试过 my_module = __import __（__ package __），这只适用于my_package不是子包的情况。

I have tried from . import __init__ as my_package, but in this case my_package is imported as a method-wrapper, not a module. I have also tried my_module = __import__(__package__), which works only in the case that my_package is not a sub-package.

似乎应该有一个简单的答案..

It seems like there should be a simple answer to this..

推荐答案

你可以使用 __ package __ 以了解包名称，并 importlib.import_module ;这适用于子包。

You can use __package__ to know the package name, and importlib.import_module; This works for sub-packages.

import importlib
pkg = importlib.import_module(__package__)
print(pkg.a)

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