如何在 Google App Engine 中导入模块? [英] How to import modules in Google App Engine?

问题描述

我已经基于默认模板创建了一个简单的 GAE 应用程序.我想添加一个像 short_url 这样的外部模块.我该怎么做呢?到目前为止，我发现的方向令人困惑，我猜出于显而易见的原因，GAE 似乎没有使用 PYTHONPATH.

解决方案

只需将 short_url.py 文件放在您的应用程序目录中即可.

示例 App Engine 项目:

<前>我的应用程序/应用程序.yaml索引.yaml主文件短网址.py视图.py

然后在 views.py(或任何地方)中，您可以像这样导入:

import short_url

<小时>

对于更复杂的项目，也许更好的方法是专门为依赖创建一个目录；说lib:

<前>我的应用程序/库/__init__.py短网址.py应用程序.yaml索引.yaml主文件视图.py

from lib import short_url

<小时>

编辑#2:
抱歉，我应该早点提到这一点.您需要修改您的路径，感谢尼克约翰逊的以下修复.
确保在启动应用程序之前运行此代码；像这样:

导入操作系统导入系统def fix_path():# 信用:谷歌的尼克约翰逊sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'lib'))定义主():url_map = [ ('/', views.IndexHandler),] # 等.app = webapp.WSGIApplication(url_map, debug=False)wsgiref.handlers.CGIHandler().run(app)如果 __name__ == "__main__":fix_path()主要的()

<小时>

Edit3:
要让此代码在所有其他导入之前运行，您可以将路径管理代码放在自己的应用程序基目录中的文件中(Python 可识别该目录中的所有内容，无需任何路径修改).
然后你只需确保这个导入

import fix_path

...在您的 main.py 文件中的所有其他导入之前列出.
这是一个完整的工作示例链接，以防我的解释不清楚.

I have created a simple GAE app based on the default template. I want to add an external module like short_url. How do I do this? The directions that I have found so far are confusing and GAE doesn't seem to use PYTHONPATH for obvious reasons I guess.

解决方案

Simply place the short_url.py file in your app's directory.

Sample App Engine project:

myapp/
    app.yaml
    index.yaml
    main.py
    short_url.py
    views.py

And in views.py (or wherever), you can then import like so:

import short_url

---

For more complex projects, perhaps a better method is to create a directory especially for dependencies; say lib:

myapp/
    lib/
        __init__.py
        short_url.py
    app.yaml
    index.yaml
    main.py
    views.py

from lib import short_url

---

Edit #2:
Apologies, I should have mentioned this earlier. You need modify your path, thanks to Nick Johnson for the following fix.
Ensure that this code is run before starting up your app; something like this:

import os
import sys

def fix_path():
    # credit:  Nick Johnson of Google
    sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'lib'))

def main():
    url_map = [ ('/', views.IndexHandler),] # etc.
    app = webapp.WSGIApplication(url_map, debug=False)
    wsgiref.handlers.CGIHandler().run(app)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    fix_path()
    main()

---

Edit3:
To get this code to run before all other imports, you can put the path managing code in a file of its own in your app's base directory (Python recognizes everything in that directory without any path modifications).
And then you'd just ensure that this import

import fix_path

...is listed before all other imports in your main.py file.
Here's a link to full, working example in case my explanation wasn't clear.

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