如何在Google App Engine中导入模块？ [英] How to import modules in Google App Engine?

问题描述

我创建了一个基于默认模板的简单GAE应用程序。我想添加一个外部模块，如 short_url 。我该怎么做呢？我发现迄今为止的方向是令人困惑的，GAE似乎并没有使用PYTHONPATH，我想这是显而易见的原因。

I have created a simple GAE app based on the default template. I want to add an external module like short_url. How do I do this? The directions that I have found so far are confusing and GAE doesn't seem to use PYTHONPATH for obvious reasons I guess.

推荐答案

只需将 short_url.py 文件放入您的应用程序目录即可。

Simply place the short_url.py file in your app's directory.

示例App Engine项目：

Sample App Engine project:

myapp/
    app.yaml
    index.yaml
    main.py
    short_url.py
    views.py

并且在 views.py （或任何地方）中，您然后可以像这样导入：

And in views.py (or wherever), you can then import like so:

import short_url

---

对于更复杂的项目，或许更好的方法是创建一个专门用于依赖关系的目录;比如 lib ：

myapp/
    lib/
        __init__.py
        short_url.py
    app.yaml
    index.yaml
    main.py
    views.py

from lib import short_url

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编辑＃2：

道歉，我应该早一点提及。您需要修改您的路径，感谢Nick Johnson进行以下修复。

确保在启动应用程序之前运行此代码;像这样：

---

Edit #2:
Apologies, I should have mentioned this earlier. You need modify your path, thanks to Nick Johnson for the following fix.
Ensure that this code is run before starting up your app; something like this:

import os
import sys

def fix_path():
    # credit:  Nick Johnson of Google
    sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'lib'))

def main():
    url_map = [ ('/', views.IndexHandler),] # etc.
    app = webapp.WSGIApplication(url_map, debug=False)
    wsgiref.handlers.CGIHandler().run(app)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    fix_path()
    main()

---

编辑3：

要让此代码在所有其他导入之前运行，您可以将在你的应用程序的基本目录中（Python可以识别该目录中的所有内容，而不需要修改任何路径）管理它自己的文件中的代码。
然后你只需确保导入

---

To get this code to run before all other imports, you can put the path managing code in a file of its own in your app's base directory (Python recognizes everything in that directory without any path modifications).
And then you'd just ensure that this import

import fix_path

..在 main.py 文件中的所有其他导入之前列出。

这是链接到完整的工作示例，以防我的解释不清楚。

...is listed before all other imports in your main.py file.
Here's a link to full, working example in case my explanation wasn't clear.

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