我应该在哪里放置我的全局“gitattributes"文件? [英] Where should I place my global 'gitattributes' file?

问题描述

我认为有(尽管缺乏文档)一种方法来设置Git 属性 全局；但我不清楚在哪里放置必要的 gitattributes 文件.说明表明它们属于

I gather there is (despite the lack of documentation) a way to set Git attributes globally; but I'm not clear where to place the necessary gitattributes file. The instructions say they belong in

$(prefix)/etc/gitattributes

但是$(prefix) 在哪里?特别是，OS X 在哪里(在 /usr/local/git/bin/git 中使用 Git)?或者(或另外)将 ~/.gitattributes 工作?

But where is $(prefix)? In particular, where would it be for OS X (with Git in /usr/local/git/bin/git)? Alternately (or in addition) would ~/.gitattributes work?

推荐答案

全局与系统范围设置

您问题的术语有些含糊不清.在 Git 上下文中，全局"通常意味着用户级别"；换句话说，全局设置会影响一个特定用户(活动用户)的所有存储库.相比之下，系统范围设置会影响机器的所有用户的所有存储库.

Global vs. system-wide settings

There is some ambiguity in your question's terminology. In a Git context, "global" usually means "user-level"; in other words, a global setting affect all repositories for one specific user (the active one). In contrast, a system-wide setting affects all repositories for all users of a machine.

(我只是为了完整性才提到这一点.)

(I'm only mentioning this for completeness.)

根据 Pro Git 书籍的相关部分，

如果您只想影响单个存储库(即，为特定于该存储库的一个用户工作流程的文件分配属性)，则应将属性放置在 $GIT_DIR/info/attributes文件.

If you wish to affect only a single repository (i.e., to assign attributes to files that are particular to one user’s workflow for that repository), then attributes should be placed in the $GIT_DIR/info/attributes file.

$GIT_DIR 通常会扩展为 /.git.

根据 Pro Git 书籍的相关部分，

应影响单个用户的所有存储库的属性应放置在由 core.attributesfile 配置选项 [...] 指定的文件中.它的默认值是 $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes.如果 $XDG_CONFIG_HOME 未设置或为空，则使用 $HOME/.config/git/attributes 代替.

Attributes that should affect all repositories for a single user should be placed in a file specified by the core.attributesfile configuration option [...]. Its default value is $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/attributes is used instead.

您也可以运行以下命令，

You can also run the following command,

git config --global core.attributesfile <path>

将 Git 指向全局 gitattributes 文件的自定义路径 ，例如~/.gitattributes.

to point Git to a custom path <path> for your global gitattributes file, e.g. ~/.gitattributes.

根据 Pro Git 书籍的相关部分，

系统上所有用户的属性应该放在 $(prefix)/etc/gitattributes 文件中.

Attributes for all users on a system should be placed in the $(prefix)/etc/gitattributes file.

这自然引出了一个问题:

which naturally begs the question:

[...] 但是 $(prefix) 在哪里?

[...] But where is $(prefix)?

见$(prefix)/etc/上的$(prefix)是什么gitconfig? 的答案.除非你给 prefix 分配了一个自定义的、非空的值，否则 $(prefix) 默认扩展为空；因此，您的系统范围的 gitattributes 文件应该位于 /etc/ 中.

See What is $(prefix) on $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig? for an answer. Unless you've assigned prefix a custom, non-empty value, $(prefix) expands to nothing by default; therefore, your system-wide gitattributes file should reside in /etc/.

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