我应该在哪里放置我的全球'gitattributes'文件? [英] Where should I place my global 'gitattributes' file?

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问题描述

我收集的是(尽管缺少文档)一种方式设置 Git属性;但我不清楚在哪里放置必要的 gitattributes 文件。 说明表示它们属于

I gather there is (despite the lack of documentation) a way to set Git attributes globally; but I'm not clear where to place the necessary gitattributes file. The instructions say they belong in

$(prefix)/etc/gitattributes

但是 $(前缀)是哪里?特别是,OS X在哪里(Git位于 / usr / local / git / bin / git )?或者(或者另外)将会〜/ .gitattributes work

But where is $(prefix)? In particular, where would it be for OS X (with Git in /usr/local/git/bin/git)? Alternately (or in addition) would ~/.gitattributes work?

推荐答案

全局与系统范围设置



您的问题的术语存在一些不明确之处。
在Git环境中,全局通常意味着用户级别;换句话说,一个全局设置会影响一个特定用户的所有存储库。相比之下,一个全系统设置会影响机器的所有用户的所有存储库。

Global vs. system-wide settings

There is some ambiguity in your question's terminology. In a Git context, "global" usually means "user-level"; in other words, a global setting affect all repositories for one specific user. In contrast, a system-wide setting affects all repositories for all users of a machine.

(我只是提到完整性。)

(I'm only mentioning this for completeness.)

根据 Pro Git书籍的相关部分 $ b

According to the relevant section of the Pro Git book,


如果您希望仅影响单个存储库(即,将属性分配给特定于该存储库的一个用户工作流的文件),则属性应放置在 $ GIT_DIR / info中/ attributes 文件。

If you wish to affect only a single repository (i.e., to assign attributes to files that are particular to one user’s workflow for that repository), then attributes should be placed in the $GIT_DIR/info/attributes file.

$ GIT_DIR 通常会展开为<全局(用户级别)gitattributes $ b $ / git

$GIT_DIR would typically expand to <path-to-repo-root-directory>/.git.

根据 Pro Git书籍的相关部分, p>

According to the relevant section of the Pro Git book,


应影响单个用户的所有存储库的属性应放置在 core.attributesfile指定的文件中配置选项[...]。它的默认值是 $ XDG_CONFIG_HOME / git / attributes 。如果 $ XDG_CONFIG_HOME 未设置或为空,则使用 $ HOME / .config / git / attributes 代替。

Attributes that should affect all repositories for a single user should be placed in a file specified by the core.attributesfile configuration option [...]. Its default value is $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/attributes is used instead.

您也可以执行以下命令:

You can also run the following command,

git config --global core.attributesfile <path>

将Git指向自定义路径<路径> 为您的全球gitattributes文件,例如〜/ .gitattributes

to point Git to a custom path <path> for your global gitattributes file, e.g. ~/.gitattributes.

根据 Pro Git书籍的相关部分


系统中所有用户的属性应放置在 $(前缀)/ etc / gitattributes 文件中。 / b>

Attributes for all users on a system should be placed in the $(prefix)/etc/gitattributes file.

这自然会引起问题:

which naturally begs the question:


[...]但是, $(前缀)

$(prefix)/ etc / gitconfig上的$(prefix)是什么?的答案。除非您已将前缀定制为非空值,否则默认情况下将 $(前缀)扩展为空。因此,您的系统级 gitattributes 文件应该位于 / etc / 中。

See What is $(prefix) on $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig? for an answer. Unless you've assigned prefix a custom, non-empty value, $(prefix) expands to nothing by default; therefore, your system-wide gitattributes file should reside in /etc/.

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