Django Rest Framework如何根据ID保存带有相关字段的模型 [英] Django Rest Framework how to save a model with Related Field based on ID

问题描述

我对 DRF 有点陌生.我的 Record 模型如下所示:

I'm kind of new to DRF. I have Record model that looks like this:

class Records(models.Model):
    owner = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True)
    activity = models.ForeignKey(Activity, null=True)
    time_start = models.DateTimeField(null=True)
    time_end = models.DateTimeField(null=True)

  ...

RecordSerializer 就是这个:

The RecordSerializer is this one:

class RecordSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    now = datetime.today()
    owner = serializers.Field(source='owner.username')
    time_start = serializers.DateTimeField(source='now')

    class Meta:
        model = Records
        fields = ("owner", "activity", "time_start")

这是视图:

class StartApiView(generics.CreateAPIView):
    model = Records
    serializer_class = RecordSerializer

    def pre_save(self, obj):
        obj.owner = self.request.user

POST 请求是从 Backbone 发送的，它包含一个带有活动 ID 的字段，例如{activity:12}".如果想让view保存Record，将activity设置为id为12的Activity怎么办?

The POST request is sent from Backbone and it includes a field with the activity id, for example "{activity:12}". What should I do if I want the view to save the Record and set the activity to the Activity with the id of 12?

推荐答案

Django REST Framework 为这个用例提供了一个 PrimaryKeyRelatedField.

Django REST Framework provides a PrimaryKeyRelatedField for exactly this use case.

class RecordSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    activity = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField()
    owner = serializers.CharField(read_only=True, source='owner.username')
    time_start = serializers.DateTimeField(source='now')

    class Meta:
        model = Records
        fields = ("owner", "activity", "time_start")

这将产生与您正在寻找的类似的输出，并且当您想要更新它时，它将接受活动的 id.

This will produce output similar to what you are looking for, and it will accept the id of the activity when you want to update it.

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