如何在 Swift 中使用 URLSession 缓存图像 [英] How to cache images using URLSession in Swift

问题描述

我想增强以下代码以缓存图像，并且仅在之前未缓存的情况下才下载它们.我似乎找不到任何关于如何使用 URLSession 对象来做到这一点的好例子.

I would like to enhance the code below to cache images and only download them if they haven't been cached previously. I can't seem to find any good examples of how to use URLSession object to do this.

extension UIImageView {
    func loadImageWithURL(_ url: URL) -> URLSessionDownloadTask {
        let session = URLSession.shared

        let downloadTask = session.downloadTask(with: url, completionHandler: { [weak self] url, response, error in

            if error == nil, let url = url,
                let data = try? Data(contentsOf: url), let image = UIImage(data: data) {

                    DispatchQueue.main.async {
                        if let strongSelf = self {
                            strongSelf.image = image
                        }
                    }
            }
        })
        downloadTask.resume()
        return downloadTask
    }
}

推荐答案

已针对 Swift 4 更新

import UIKit

let imageCache = NSCache<AnyObject, AnyObject>()

class ImageLoader: UIImageView {

    var imageURL: URL?

    let activityIndicator = UIActivityIndicatorView()

    func loadImageWithUrl(_ url: URL) {

        // setup activityIndicator...
        activityIndicator.color = .darkGray

        addSubview(activityIndicator)
        activityIndicator.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        activityIndicator.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerXAnchor).isActive = true
        activityIndicator.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerYAnchor).isActive = true

        imageURL = url

        image = nil
        activityIndicator.startAnimating()

        // retrieves image if already available in cache
        if let imageFromCache = imageCache.object(forKey: url as AnyObject) as? UIImage {

            self.image = imageFromCache
            activityIndicator.stopAnimating()
            return
        }

        // image does not available in cache.. so retrieving it from url...
        URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: url, completionHandler: { (data, response, error) in

            if error != nil {
                print(error as Any)
                DispatchQueue.main.async(execute: {
                    self.activityIndicator.stopAnimating()
                })
                return
            }

            DispatchQueue.main.async(execute: {

                if let unwrappedData = data, let imageToCache = UIImage(data: unwrappedData) {

                    if self.imageURL == url {
                        self.image = imageToCache
                    }

                    imageCache.setObject(imageToCache, forKey: url as AnyObject)
                }
                self.activityIndicator.stopAnimating()
            })
        }).resume()
    }
}

用法:

// assign ImageLoader class to your imageView class
let yourImageView: ImageLoader = {

    let iv = ImageLoader()
    iv.frame = CGRect(x: 10, y: 100, width: 300, height: 300)
    iv.backgroundColor = UIColor(red: 0.94, green: 0.94, blue: 0.96, alpha: 1.0)
    iv.contentMode = .scaleAspectFill
    iv.clipsToBounds = true
    return iv
}()


// unwrapped url safely...
   if let strUrl = "https://picsum.photos/300/300".addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlFragmentAllowed),
      let imgUrl = URL(string: strUrl) {

      yourImageView.loadImageWithUrl(imgUrl) // call this line for getting image to yourImageView
}

这篇关于如何在 Swift 中使用 URLSession 缓存图像的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！