向量与字符串 [英] Vector vs string

问题描述

C++ std::vector 和 std::basic_string 之间的根本区别是什么(如果有的话)?

What is the fundamental difference, if any, between a C++ std::vector and std::basic_string?

推荐答案

• basic_string 不会调用其元素的构造函数和析构函数.矢量确实如此.

  • basic_string doesn't call constructors and destructors of its elements. vector does.

    交换 basic_string 会使迭代器失效(启用小字符串优化)，交换向量不会.

    swapping basic_string invalidates iterators (enabling small string optimization), swapping vectors doesn't.

    basic_string 内存在 C++03 中不能连续分配.向量总是连续的.这个区别在 C++0x [string.require] 中被移除了:

    basic_string memory may not be allocated continuously in C++03. vector is always continuous. This difference is removed in C++0x [string.require]:

    basic_string 对象中的类似字符的对象应连续存储

    The char-like objects in a basic_string object shall be stored contiguously

  • basic_string 具有字符串操作的接口.向量没有.

  • basic_string has interface for string operations. vector doesn't.

    basic_string 可以使用写时复制策略(在 C++11 之前).矢量不能.

    basic_string may use copy on write strategy (in pre C++11). vector can't.

    非信徒的相关引述:

    [基本字符串]:

    类模板 basic_string 符合 Sequence Container (23.2.3) 的要求，对于一个Reversible Container (23.2)，以及一个 Allocator-aware 的容器(表 99)，除了 basic_string不使用 allocator_traits::construct 和 allocator_- 构造或销毁其元素traits::destroy 和用于 basic_string 的 swap() 使迭代器失效.支持的迭代器通过 basic_string 是随机访问迭代器(24.2.7).

    The class template basic_string conforms to the requirements for a Sequence Container (23.2.3), for a Reversible Container (23.2), and for an Allocator-aware container (Table 99), except that basic_string does not construct or destroy its elements using allocator_traits::construct and allocator_- traits::destroy and that swap() for basic_string invalidates iterators. The iterators supported by basic_string are random access iterators (24.2.7).

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