策略设计模式和状态设计模式有什么区别? [英] What is the difference between Strategy design pattern and State design pattern?

问题描述

策略设计模式和状态设计模式有什么区别?我在网上浏览了很多文章，但无法清楚地区分.

What are the differences between the Strategy design pattern and the State design pattern? I was going through quite a few articles on the web but could not make out the difference clearly.

有人可以解释一下外行术语的区别吗?

Can someone please explain the difference in layman's terms?

推荐答案

老实说，这两种模式在实践中非常相似，它们之间的定义差异往往会因您问的对象而异.一些流行的选择是:

Honestly, the two patterns are pretty similar in practice, and the defining difference between them tends to vary depending on who you ask. Some popular choices are:

• 状态存储对包含它们的上下文对象的引用.策略没有.
• 状态可以替换自己(即:将上下文对象的状态更改为其他状态)，而策略则不能.
• 策略作为参数传递给上下文对象，而状态由上下文对象本身创建.
• 策略仅处理单个特定任务，而状态则为上下文对象所做的一切(或大部分)提供底层实现.

经典"实现将匹配列表中的每个项目的状态或策略，但您确实遇到了两者混合的混合体.一个特定的更倾向于 State-y 还是 Strategy-y 归根结底是一个主观问题.

A "classic" implementation would match either State or Strategy for every item on the list, but you do run across hybrids that have mixes of both. Whether a particular one is more State-y or Strategy-y is ultimately a subjective question.

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