是否有更有效或更简洁的方法来使用 tidyr::gather 使我的数据看起来“整洁"? [英] Is there more efficient or concise way to use tidyr::gather to make my data look 'tidy'?

问题描述

我是使用 tidyverse 的新手.我想看看我使用这个包中的函数是否尽可能高效/简洁.我怀疑我不是.

I am new to using tidyverse. I want to see if I am being as efficient/concise as possible using the functions in this package. I suspect I am not.

我的原始数据将键 sym 作为每个列名的一部分.

My original data has the key sym as part of each column name.

   day         a_x        b_x        a_y         b_y
1    1 -0.56047565  1.2240818 -1.0678237  0.42646422
2    2 -0.23017749  0.3598138 -0.2179749 -0.29507148
...

我想让数据看起来整洁，像这样:

I would like to make the data look tidy, like so:

     day sym         x      y
 1     1 a      0.118   0.702
 2     2 a     -0.947  -0.262
...
11     1 b      1.44    0.788
12     2 b      0.452   0.769

这是我执行上述转换的代码:

Here is my code that does the above transformations:

library(tidyverse)
set.seed(123)

# example original table
d <- tibble(day=1:10,a_x=rnorm(10),b_x=rnorm(10),a_y=rnorm(10),b_y=rnorm(10))

# manipulations
d1 <- gather(d,a_x,b_x,key='sym',value='x') %>% mutate(sym=sub('_x','',sym)) %>% select(day,sym,x)
d2 <- gather(d,a_y,b_y,key='sym',value='y') %>% mutate(sym=sub('_y','',sym)) %>% select(day,sym,y)
d <- d1 %>% full_join(d2,by=c('day','sym'))

使用某些 tidyverse 函数以更少的行或更有效地实现相同结果的更好方法是什么?

What would be a better way to use some of the tidyverse functions to to achieve the same result in fewer lines or more efficiently?

谢谢！

推荐答案

gather 已弃用，取而代之的是 pivot_longer，这使得此类转换更简单.

gather has been retired in favor of pivot_longer which makes such transformation simpler.

tidyr::pivot_longer(d, cols = -day, 
                    names_to = c('sym', '.value'), names_sep = '_')

# A tibble: 20 x 4
#    day sym        x      y
#* <int> <chr>  <dbl>  <dbl>
#1     1 a     -0.560 -1.07 
#2     1 b      1.22   0.426
#3     2 a     -0.230 -0.218
#4     2 b      0.360 -0.295
#...
#...

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