用阴影填充绘制不等式的最简单方法? [英] Easiest way to plot inequalities with hatched fill?

问题描述

参考上图.我已经在 excel 中绘制了方程，然后手工绘制了阴影.你可以看到它不是很整洁.您可以看到有六个区域，每个区域都由两个或多个方程限定.使用阴影图案绘制不等式和阴影区域的最简单方法是什么?

Refer to the above plot. I have drawn the equations in excel and then shaded by hand. You can see it is not very neat. You can see there are six zones, each bounded by two or more equations. What is the easiest way to draw inequalities and shade the regions using hatched patterns ?

推荐答案

为了建立在@agstudy 的回答之上，这里有一种快速而肮脏的方法来表示 R 中的不等式:

To build up on @agstudy's answer, here's a quick-and-dirty way to represent inequalities in R:

plot(NA,xlim=c(0,1),ylim=c(0,1), xaxs="i",yaxs="i") # Empty plot
a <- curve(x^2, add = TRUE) # First curve
b <- curve(2*x^2-0.2, add = TRUE) # Second curve
names(a) <- c('xA','yA')
names(b) <- c('xB','yB')
with(as.list(c(b,a)),{
    id <- yB<=yA
    # b<a area
    polygon(x = c(xB[id], rev(xA[id])),
            y = c(yB[id], rev(yA[id])), 
            density=10, angle=0, border=NULL)
    # a>b area
    polygon(x = c(xB[!id], rev(xA[!id])),
            y = c(yB[!id], rev(yA[!id])), 
            density=10, angle=90, border=NULL)
    })

如果有问题的区域被超过 2 个方程包围，只需添加更多条件:

If the area in question is surrounded by more than 2 equations, just add more conditions:

plot(NA,xlim=c(0,1),ylim=c(0,1), xaxs="i",yaxs="i") # Empty plot
a <- curve(x^2, add = TRUE) # First curve
b <- curve(2*x^2-0.2, add = TRUE) # Second curve
d <- curve(0.5*x^2+0.2, add = TRUE) # Third curve

names(a) <- c('xA','yA')
names(b) <- c('xB','yB')
names(d) <- c('xD','yD')

with(as.list(c(a,b,d)),{
    # Basically you have three conditions: 
    # curve a is below curve b, curve b is below curve d and curve d is above curve a
    # assign to each curve coordinates the two conditions that concerns it.

    idA <- yA<=yD & yA<=yB
    idB <- yB>=yA & yB<=yD
    idD <- yD<=yB & yD>=yA
    polygon(x = c(xB[idB], xD[idD], rev(xA[idA])),
            y = c(yB[idB], yD[idD], rev(yA[idA])), 
            density=10, angle=0, border=NULL)
    })

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