在 linux 中打印数字统计信息的命令行实用程序 [英] command line utility to print statistics of numbers in linux

问题描述

我经常发现自己的文件每行有一个数字.我最终将其导入 excel 以查看诸如中位数、标准差等内容.

I often find myself with a file that has one number per line. I end up importing it in excel to view things like median, standard deviation and so forth.

Linux 中是否有命令行实用程序可以执行相同操作?我通常需要找到平均值、中值、最小值、最大值和标准偏差.

Is there a command line utility in linux to do the same? I usually need to find the average, median, min, max and std deviation.

推荐答案

这对 R 来说是轻而易举的.对于看起来像这样的文件:

This is a breeze with R. For a file that looks like this:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

使用这个:

R -q -e "x <- read.csv('nums.txt', header = F); summary(x); sd(x[ , 1])"

为了得到这个:

       V1       
 Min.   : 1.00  
 1st Qu.: 3.25  
 Median : 5.50  
 Mean   : 5.50  
 3rd Qu.: 7.75  
 Max.   :10.00  
[1] 3.02765

• -q 标志抑制 R 的启动许可和帮助输出
• -e 标志告诉 R 你将从终端传递一个表达式
• x 是一个 data.frame - 一个表格，基本上.它是一种容纳多个向量/数据列的结构，如果您只是在单个向量中读取，这有点奇怪.这会影响您可以使用哪些功能.
• 有些函数，比如summary()，自然而然地容纳了data.frames.如果 x 有多个字段，summary() 将为每个字段提供上述描述性统计信息.
• 但是 sd() 一次只能取一个向量，这就是为什么我为那个命令索引 x (x[ , 1] 返回 x 的第一列).您可以使用 apply(x, MARGIN = 2, FUN = sd) 获取所有列的 SD.
• The -q flag squelches R's startup licensing and help output
• The -e flag tells R you'll be passing an expression from the terminal
• x is a data.frame - a table, basically. It's a structure that accommodates multiple vectors/columns of data, which is a little peculiar if you're just reading in a single vector. This has an impact on which functions you can use.
• Some functions, like summary(), naturally accommodate data.frames. If x had multiple fields, summary() would provide the above descriptive stats for each.
• But sd() can only take one vector at a time, which is why I index x for that command (x[ , 1] returns the first column of x). You could use apply(x, MARGIN = 2, FUN = sd) to get the SDs for all columns.

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