pip/python:普通站点包不可写 [英] pip/python: normal site-packages is not writeable

问题描述

我有一台新 Macbook - 一个用户安装了它，然后我安装了一个新用户(我的)，授予管理员权限并删除了旧用户.我使用的是 OS Catalina.

I have a new Macbook - a user installed it, and then I installed a new user (mine), granted admin privileges and deleted the old one. I am on OS Catalina.

自从安装以来，我一直有几个权限问题.VSCode 找不到 Jupyter Notebook，pip 在 ~/Library/Python/3.7/site-packages 安装包.

Since the installation I've been having several permission problems. VSCode can't find Jupyter Notebook, pip installs packages at ~/Library/Python/3.7/site-packages.

当我执行 which python3 时，我得到 usr/bin/python3.当我执行 pip3 install <package> 我得到: 默认为用户安装，因为普通的站点包不可写 然后它说它已经安装，即使我在执行 import 时无法访问它.

When I do which python3 I get usr/bin/python3. When I do pip3 install <package> I get: Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable And then it says it has already been installed, even though I can't access it when I do import <package>.

很明显这是一个权限问题，pip 无法安装到base"python，他们python找不到我在~/Library/Python/3.7/site-packages中安装的东西.

It's seems clear that this is a permission problem, pip can't install to the "base" python, and them python can't find what I've installed into ~/Library/Python/3.7/site-packages.

我试过重新安装操作系统，但由于我没有进行全新安装，所以它没有改变任何东西.我错过了什么?我究竟该如何修复权限?我想要包安装在哪里(venv当然，但我想要一些全局包(比如jupyter).

I've tried reinstalling the OS, but since I haven't done a clean install, it didn't change anything. What am I missing? How exactly can I fix permissions? Where do I want packages to be installed (venv sure, but some packages I want global (like jupyter).

推荐答案

正如@TomdeGeus 在评论中提到的，这个命令对我有用:

As @TomdeGeus mentioned in the comments, this command works for me:

Python 3:

python3 -m pip install [package_name]

Python 2:

python -m pip install [package_name]

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