Python 请求模块发送 JSON 字符串而不是 x-www-form-urlencoded 参数字符串 [英] Python requests module sends JSON string instead of x-www-form-urlencoded param string

问题描述

我的印象是使用 x-www-form-urlencoded 规范的 POSTS 应该在帖子正文中发送一个 URL 编码的参数字符串.但是，当我这样做时

I was under the impression that POSTSs using x-www-form-urlencoded specifications should send a URL encoded param string in the body of the post. However, when I do this

data = json.dumps({'param1': 'value1', 'param2': 'value2'})
Requests.post(url, data=data)

接收端的请求正文如下所示:

The body of the request on the receiving end looks like this:

{"param1": "value1", "param2": "value2"}

但我期待得到这个

param1=value1&param2=value2

如何获取以第二种形式发送数据的请求?

How I can get Requests to send the data in the second form?

推荐答案

你得到 JSON 的原因是你显式调用 json.dumps 来生成一个 JSON 字符串.只是不要那样做，你不会得到一个 JSON 字符串.换句话说，将您的第一行更改为:

The reason you're getting JSON is because you're explicitly calling json.dumps to generate a JSON string. Just don't do that, and you won't get a JSON string. In other words, change your first line to this:

data = {'param1': 'value1', 'param2': 'value2'}

正如文档所解释的那样，如果您将 dict 作为 data 值传递，它将被表单编码，而如果您传递一个字符串，它将按原样发送.

As the docs explain, if you pass a dict as the data value, it will be form-encoded, while if you pass a string, it will be sent as-is.

例如，在一个终端窗口中:

For example, in one terminal window:

$ nc -kl 8765

在另一个:

$ python3
>>> import requests
>>> d = {'spam': 20, 'eggs': 3}
>>> requests.post("http://localhost:8765", data=d)
^C
>>> import json
>>> j = json.dumps(d)
>>> requests.post("http://localhost:8765", data=j)
^C

在第一个终端中，您会看到第一个请求正文是这样的(和 Content-Type application/x-www-form-urlencoded):

In the first terminal, you'll see that the first request body is this (and Content-Type application/x-www-form-urlencoded):

spam=20&eggs=3

... 而第二个是这个(并且没有 Content-Type):

… while the second is this (and has no Content-Type):

{"spam": 20, "eggs": 3}

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