在 Laravel 4 中注册观察者的确切位置 [英] Exact place to register observer in Laravel 4

问题描述

当为模型观察者使用单独的类时，我应该在哪里注册观察者?文档说要调用 User::observe(new UserObserver);，但我不确定这样做的最佳位置在哪里.

When using a separate class for a model observer, where exactly should I register the observer? The documentation says to call User::observe(new UserObserver); but I’m not sure where the best place to do this would be.

https://laravel.com/docs/5.4/eloquent#observers

推荐答案

由于观察者只是您正在收听的事件的集合，所以我想说的是将它放在 Laravel 建议您放置单个事件的地方:在 上模型本身的引导方法.

Since an observer is just a collection of events you are listening to, I'd say place it where Laravel suggests you place individual events: on the boot method of the model itself.

class User extends Eloquent
{
    public static function boot()
    {
        parent::boot();

        User::observe(new UserObserver);
    }
}

将 UserObserver 类放在哪里更灵活一点，取决于它最终的复杂程度.

Where to put the UserObserver class is a little more flexible and depends on how complex it will end up being.

如果您可以在每次应用程序运行时加载它，请创建一个 app/observers.php 文件，然后将其放在您的 app/start/global.php 的末尾:

If you can bare having it load every time the app runs, create an app/observers.php file, then put this at the end of your app/start/global.php:

require app_path().'/observers.php';

或者，您可以使用 composer 自动加载该文件，方法是附加您的 composer.json:

Alternatively, you can use composer to autoload that one file, by appending your composer.json:

{
    "autoload": {
        "classmap": [
            //...
        ],
        "files": [
            "app/observers.php"
        ]
    }
}

对于更复杂的观察者

如果你打算有很多不同的观察者，我会说创建你自己的命名空间，让 Laravel/Composer 为你自动加载.为此，创建一个像 app/MyNamespace/Observers 这样的文件夹，然后将每个观察者文件放入其中(每个文件的名称都与类完全相同——即 UserObserver.php>).

For more complex observers

If you plan to have many different observers, I'd say create your own namespace and let Laravel / Composer do the autoloading for you. In order to do that, create a folder like app/MyNamespace/Observers, then place each observer file inside of it (each named exactly like the class -- i.e. UserObserver.php).

您的 UserObserver.php 类现在应如下所示:

Your UserObserver.php class should now look like this:

<?php

namespace MyNamespaceObservers;

class UserObserver
{
    public function saving($model)
    {
        // ...
    }

    public function saved($model)
    {
        // ...
    }
}

而且你必须在使用它时声明完整的类:

And you'll have to declare the full class whenever you are using it:

User::observe(new MyNamespaceObserversUserObserver);

或者:

use MyNamespaceObserversUserObserver;

class User extends Eloquent
{    
    public static function boot()
    {
        parent::boot();

        User::observe(new UserObserver);
    }
}

最后，编辑您的 composer.json 并添加您的命名空间以遵循 PSR-0 自动加载:

Finally, edit your composer.json and add your namespace to follow PSR-0 autoloading:

{
    "autoload": {
        "classmap": [
            //...
        ],
        "psr-0": [
            "MyNamespace": "app/"
        ]
    }
}

PS:编辑完composer.json后不要忘记运行composer dump-autoload.

PS: Don't forget to run composer dump-autoload after editing composer.json.

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