当观察者希望观察不同的项目时实现观察者模式 [英] Implementing Observer pattern when observers wish to observe different items

问题描述

下面我试图为Observer模式编写一个sudo代码，当观察者希望观察不同的项目。

Below I have attempted to write a sudo code for the Observer pattern when observers wish to observe different items.

忽略语法错误。我想知道这是否是实现这一点的正确方法。

Ignore the syntax errors. I wish to know if this is the correct way to implement this. If not, please suggest better ways.

// Used by the subject for keeping a track of what items the observer wants to observe
typedef struct observerListStruct
{
    bool getTemperatureUpdate;
    bool getHumidityUpdate;
    bool getPressureUpdate;
    observer's-function pointer's address;
};

// Subject's class
class weatherData
{
    public:
        // Observers will call this function to register themselves. The function pointer will point to the function which will get called when updates are available.
        void registerObservers (observer obj, observer's-FunctionPointer)
        {
            // This observer's function returns which items to observe.
            char* f = obj.returnItemsToObserve ();
            if f[0] = `1`
                observerListStruct.getTemperatureUpdate = true;
        }

        void unregisterObservers (observer obj) {}

    private:
        vector <observerListStruct> observerList;
        float temperature;
        float humidity;
        float pressure;

        void notifyObservers ()          {}

        float getTemperature ()          {}
        float getHumidity ()                 {}
        float getPressure ()                 {}
} weatherDataObject;

// Base class for observers containing common functions
class observers
{
    char ItemsToObserve [3] = {1, 2, 3};

    // This observer's function returns which items to observe. Default - return all items
        virtual char* returnItemsToObserve ()
    {
        return ItemsToObserve;
    }
};

class observerDisplayElementCurrentConditions : public observers
{
    char ItemsToObserve [3] = {1, 2};

    char* returnItemsToObserve ()
    {
        return ItemsToObserve;
    }

    // this function will be used as a function pointer for getting updates
    void getUpdatesAndDisplayWeatherData (float, float) {}
};

推荐答案

更多的面向模式的解决方案可以是以下。你可以参数化WeatherObserver-Class来获取你想要的值。

A more pattern oriented solution (but without function pointers) could be the following. You could parametrize the WeatherObserver-Class to get only the values, you want.

#include <list>
#include <iostream>

class Observable;   //forward declaration

//Base class for all observers
class Observer {
    friend class Observable;    //allow access to observedSubject

protected:
    Observable *observedSubject;

public:
    virtual void update(){};
};


//Base class for all observables
class Observable {
private:
    std::list<Observer * const> m_registeredObservers;

public:
    ~Observable()
    {
        //delete the observers
        std::list<Observer * const>::iterator it = m_registeredObservers.begin();

        while (it != m_registeredObservers.end())
        {
            delete *it;
            it = m_registeredObservers.erase(it);
        }
    }

    void addObserver(Observer * const _pObserver)
    {
        _pObserver->observedSubject = this;
        m_registeredObservers.push_back(_pObserver);
    }

    void removeObserver(Observer * const _pObserver)
    {
        m_registeredObservers.remove(_pObserver);
        delete _pObserver;
    }

    void notifyObservers()
    {
        std::list<Observer * const>::iterator it = m_registeredObservers.begin();

        while (it != m_registeredObservers.end())
        {
            (*it)->update();
            it++;
        }
    }
};

//Concrete Observable
class WeatherData : public Observable {
private:
    float temperature;
    float humidity;
    float pressure;

public:
    WeatherData(): temperature(0), humidity(0), pressure(0)
    {};

    float getTemperature () const 
    {
        return temperature;
    }

    float getHumidity () const 
    {
        return humidity;
    }

    float getPressure () const 
    {
        return pressure;
    }

    void setTemperature(float _temperature)
    {
        if (temperature != _temperature)
        {
            temperature = _temperature;
            notifyObservers();
        }
    }

    void setHumidity(float _humidity)
    {
        if (humidity != _humidity)
        {
            humidity = _humidity;
            notifyObservers();
        }
    }

    void setPressure(float _pressure)
    {
        if (pressure != _pressure)
        {
            pressure = _pressure;
            notifyObservers();
        }
    }

};


//Concrete implementation of an weather observer
class WeatherObserver : public Observer 
{
    public:
        WeatherObserver():Observer(){};
        void update()
        {
            WeatherData* pWeatherPtr = static_cast<WeatherData*>(observedSubject);
            if (pWeatherPtr != 0)
            {
                float actHumidity = pWeatherPtr->getHumidity();
                float actPressure = pWeatherPtr->getPressure();
                float actTemperature = pWeatherPtr->getTemperature();

                //do something with the data
                std::cout << "WeatherObserver update" << std::endl;
                std::cout << "Temperature : " << actTemperature << std::endl;
                std::cout << "Humidity : " << actHumidity << std::endl;
                std::cout << "Pressure : " << actPressure << std::endl;
            }
        }
};

int main()
{
    WeatherData weatherData;
    Observer * pObserver = new WeatherObserver();
    weatherData.addObserver(pObserver);

    weatherData.setHumidity(100);
    weatherData.setTemperature(100);
}

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