确定一个句子是否是查询 [英] Determine if a sentence is an inquiry

问题描述

如何检测搜索查询是否采用问题形式?

How can I detect if a search query is in the form of a question?

例如，客户可能会搜索如何跟踪我的订单"(注意不要有问号).

For example, a customer might search for "how do I track my order" (notice no question mark).

我猜最直接的问题会符合特定的语法.

I'm guessing most direct questions would conform to a particular grammar.

非常简单的猜测方法:

START WORDS = [who, what, when, where, why, how, is, can, does, do]

isQuestion(sentence):
  sentence ends with '?'
  OR sentence starts with one of START WORDS

START WORDS 列表可能更长.范围是一个网站搜索框，所以我想这个列表应该不需要包含太多的词.

START WORDS list could be longer. The scope is a website search box, so I imagine the list shouldn't need to include too many words.

有没有比我的简单猜测方法更好的库?我的方法有什么改进吗?

Is there a library that can do this better than my simple guessing approach? Any improvements on my approach?

推荐答案

另见:如何判断一个句子是否是疑问句(疑问句)?

在一个问题的句法解析中(通过像 nltk 这样的工具包获得)，正确的结构将采用以下形式:

In a syntactic parse of a question (obtained through a toolkit like nltk), the correct structure will be in the form of:

(SBARQ (WH+ (W+) ...)
       (SQ ...*
           (V+) ...*)
       (?))

因此，使用任何可用的句法解析器，带有嵌入 SQ(可选)的 SBARQ 节点的树将指示输入是问题.WH+ 节点 (WHNP/WHADVP/WHADJP) 包含问题词干(who/what/when/where/why/how)，SQ 包含倒置短语.

So, using anyone of the syntactic parsers available, a tree with an SBARQ node having an embedded SQ (optionally) will be an indicator the input is a question. The WH+ node (WHNP/WHADVP/WHADJP) contains the question stem (who/what/when/where/why/how) and the SQ holds the inverted phrase.

即:

(SBARQ 
  (WHNP 
    (WP What)) 
  (SQ 
    (VBZ is) 
    (NP 
      (DT the) 
      (NN question)))
  (. ?))

当然，有很多前面的子句会导致解析错误(可以解决)，写得不好的问题也会如此.例如，这篇文章的标题如何判断一个句子是否是一个问题?"将有一个 SBARQ，但没有一个 SQ.

Of course, having a lot of preceeding clauses will cause errors in the parse (that can be worked around), as will really poorly-written questions. For example, the title of this post "How to find out if a sentence is a question?" will have an SBARQ, but not an SQ.

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