确定句子是否是查询 [英] Determine if a sentence is an inquiry

问题描述

如何检测搜索查询是否为问题形式?

How can I detect if a search query is in the form of a question?

例如，客户可能搜索如何跟踪我的订单"(注意，没有问号).

For example, a customer might search for "how do I track my order" (notice no question mark).

我猜大多数直接的问题都符合特定的语法.

I'm guessing most direct questions would conform to a particular grammar.

非常简单的猜测方法:

START WORDS = [who, what, when, where, why, how, is, can, does, do]

isQuestion(sentence):
  sentence ends with '?'
  OR sentence starts with one of START WORDS

START WORDS列表可能更长.范围是一个网站搜索框，因此我认为列表中不需要包含太多单词.

START WORDS list could be longer. The scope is a website search box, so I imagine the list shouldn't need to include too many words.

是否有一个库可以比我的简单猜测方法做得更好?我的方法有什么改进吗?

Is there a library that can do this better than my simple guessing approach? Any improvements on my approach?

推荐答案

另请参见:在问题的句法解析中(通过nltk之类的工具包获得)，正确的结构应为:

In a syntactic parse of a question (obtained through a toolkit like nltk), the correct structure will be in the form of:

(SBARQ (WH+ (W+) ...)
       (SQ ...*
           (V+) ...*)
       (?))

因此，使用任何可用的语法解析器，带有SBARQ节点的树(带有可选的嵌入式SQ)将成为指示输入为问题的指示符. WH +节点(WHNP/WHADVP/WHADJP)包含问题词干(谁/什么/何时/何地/为什么/如何)，而SQ则包含倒置短语.

So, using anyone of the syntactic parsers available, a tree with an SBARQ node having an embedded SQ (optionally) will be an indicator the input is a question. The WH+ node (WHNP/WHADVP/WHADJP) contains the question stem (who/what/when/where/why/how) and the SQ holds the inverted phrase.

即:

(SBARQ 
  (WHNP 
    (WP What)) 
  (SQ 
    (VBZ is) 
    (NP 
      (DT the) 
      (NN question)))
  (. ?))

当然，拥有很多前置子句会导致解析错误(可以解决)，以及确实写得不好的问题.例如，该帖子的标题如何找出一个句子是否是一个问题?"将具有SBARQ，但没有SQ.

Of course, having a lot of preceeding clauses will cause errors in the parse (that can be worked around), as will really poorly-written questions. For example, the title of this post "How to find out if a sentence is a question?" will have an SBARQ, but not an SQ.

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