SQL Server:跨组(而非组内)的超前/滞后分析功能 [英] SQL Server: Lead/Lag analytic function across groups (and not within groups)
问题描述
抱歉，帖子太长了，但我已经提供了副本&下面粘贴示例数据和可能的解决方法.问题的相关部分在帖子的上半部分(横线上方).
Sorry for the long post, but I have provided copy & paste sample data and a possible solution approach below. The relevant part of the question is in the upper part of the post (above the horizontal rule).
我有下表
Dt customer_id buy_time money_spent
-------------------------------------------------
2000-01-04 100 11:00:00.00 2
2000-01-05 100 16:00:00.00 1
2000-01-10 100 13:00:00.00 4
2000-01-10 100 14:00:00.00 3
2000-01-04 200 09:00:00.00 10
2000-01-06 200 10:00:00.00 11
2000-01-06 200 11:00:00.00 5
2000-01-10 200 08:00:00.00 20
并且想要一个查询来获取这个结果集
and want a query to get this result set
Dt Dt_next customer_id buy_time money_spent
-------------------------------------------------------------
2000-01-04 2000-01-05 100 11:00:00.00 2
2000-01-05 2000-01-10 100 16:00:00.00 1
2000-01-10 NULL 100 13:00:00.00 4
2000-01-10 NULL 100 14:00:00.00 3
2000-01-04 2000-01-06 200 09:00:00.00 10
2000-01-06 2000-01-10 200 10:00:00.00 11
2000-01-06 2000-01-10 200 11:00:00.00 5
2000-01-10 NULL 200 08:00:00.00 20
即:我希望每个客户 (customer_id) 和每天 (Dt) 同一客户访问的第二天 (Dt_next)>).
That is: I want for each costumer (customer_id) and each day (Dt) the next day the same customer has visited (Dt_next).
我已经有一个查询提供后一个结果集(数据和查询包含在水平规则下方).然而，它涉及一个左外连接和两个dense_rank聚合函数.这种方法对我来说似乎有点笨拙，我认为应该有更好的解决方案.任何指向替代解决方案的指针都非常感谢！谢谢！
I have already one query that gives the latter result set (data and query enclosed below the horizontal rule). However, it involves a left outer join and two dense_rank aggregate functions. This approach seems a bit clumsy to me and I think that there should be a better solution. Any pointers to alternative solutions highly appreciated! Thank you!
顺便说一句:我使用的是 SQL Server 11 并且该表有 >>1m 个条目.
BTW: I am using SQL Server 11 and the table has >>1m entries.
我的查询:
select
customer_table.Dt
,customer_table_lead.Dt as Dt_next
,customer_table.customer_id
,customer_table.buy_time
,customer_table.money_spent
from
(
select
#customer_data.*
,dense_rank() over (partition by customer_id order by customer_id asc, Dt asc) as Dt_int
from #customer_data
) as customer_table
left outer join
(
select distinct
#customer_data.Dt
,#customer_data.customer_id
,dense_rank() over (partition by customer_id order by customer_id asc, Dt asc)-1 as Dt_int
from #customer_data
) as customer_table_lead
on
(
customer_table.Dt_int=customer_table_lead.Dt_int
and customer_table.customer_id=customer_table_lead.customer_id
)
示例数据:
create table #customer_data (
Dt date not null,
customer_id int not null,
buy_time time(2) not null,
money_spent float not null
);
insert into #customer_data values ('2000-01-04',100,'11:00:00',2);
insert into #customer_data values ('2000-01-05',100,'16:00:00',1);
insert into #customer_data values ('2000-01-10',100,'13:00:00',4);
insert into #customer_data values ('2000-01-10',100,'14:00:00',3);
insert into #customer_data values ('2000-01-04',200,'09:00:00',10);
insert into #customer_data values ('2000-01-06',200,'10:00:00',11);
insert into #customer_data values ('2000-01-06',200,'11:00:00',5);
insert into #customer_data values ('2000-01-10',200,'08:00:00',20);
推荐答案
试试这个查询:
select cd.Dt
, t.Dt_next
, cd.customer_id
, cd.buy_time
, cd.money_spent
from (
select Dt
, LEAD(Dt) OVER (PARTITION BY customer_id ORDER BY Dt) AS Dt_next
, customer_id
from (
select distinct Dt, customer_id
from #customer_data
) t
) t
inner join #customer_data cd on t.customer_id = cd.customer_id and t.Dt = cd.Dt
为什么字段 money_spent 有浮点型?您可能会遇到计算问题.将其转换为十进制类型.
Why field money_spent has float type? You may have problems with calculations. Convert it to decimal type.
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