如何使用自制软件的 openSSL 在 macOS 上编译 Python 3.6.2? [英] How can I compile Python 3.6.2 on macOS with openSSL from homebrew?

问题描述

我正在尝试根据 https://bugs 上的说明在 macOS 10.11 上编译 Python 3.6.2.python.org/issue29095.

我使用自制软件将 openSSL 安装到标准位置，然后将 LDFLAGS、CFLAGS 和 CPPFLAGS 添加到我的环境中:

I've used homebrew to install openSSL to the standard location and then added LDFLAGS, CFLAGS, and CPPFLAGS to my env:

$ printenv | grep FLAGS
LDFLAGS=/usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2l/lib/
CFLAGS=-I/usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2l/include/openssl
CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/Cellar/openssl/1.0.2l/include/openssl

然后在同一个 shell 中，我将 Python 编译到我的用例所需的自定义位置:

Then in that same shell, I compile Python to the custom location required for my use case:

$ sudo ./configure --prefix=/oebuild/python/python-3.6.1
$ sudo make
$ sudo make install

但是，SSL 模块并未构建.构建日志是这样写的:

However, the SSL module doesn't get built. The build log says this:

Python 构建成功完成！找不到构建这些可选模块的必要位:_gdbm _ssl ossaudiodev
spwd
要找到必要的位，请在detect_modules() 中的setup.py 中查找模块名称.

Python build finished successfully! The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found: _gdbm _ssl ossaudiodev
spwd
To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.

推荐答案

我之前找到的所有答案都不适合我，但我最终在之前没有提到的另一个答案的帮助下解决了这个问题.这是实际的修复:https://stackoverflow.com/a/20740964/2934226

None of the previous answers I found earlier worked for me, but I did eventually figure this out with the help of another answer not mentioned earlier. Here was the actual fix: https://stackoverflow.com/a/20740964/2934226

CPPFLAGS 和 LDFLAGS 基本上是不能在环境中设置的；您需要将它们与配置命令一起设置，如下所示:

Basically, CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS can't be set in the environment; you need to set them alongside the configure command, like this:

./configure CPPFLAGS="-I[openSSL install location]/include" LDFLAGS="-L[openSSL install location]/lib" [other flags here]

然后编译安装后就成功了！

And then after compiling and installing, it worked!

$ python3 -c "import ssl; print(ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION)"
OpenSSL 1.0.2l  25 May 2017

以下是无效的事情，以及原因:

Here are the things that didn't work, and why:

如何使用自定义 OpenSSL 编译 Python 3.4? 没有帮助，因为您无法在环境中设置 LDFLAGS、CFLAGS 或 CPPFLAGS；setup.py 不会将它们传递给实际的编译步骤.即使设置 LD_LIBRARY_PATH 可能有效，您也不想这样做，因为它很危险(请参阅 http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir//ldpath.html).最后，--with-ssl 不是有效的配置参数，此处列出的添加它的补丁不能完全适用.

How do I compile Python 3.4 with custom OpenSSL? doesn't help because you can't set LDFLAGS, CFLAGS, or CPPFLAGS in the environment; setup.py doesn't pass them along to the actual compilation steps. And even if setting LD_LIBRARY_PATH might work, you don't want to do that because it's dangerous (see http://xahlee.info/UnixResource_dir/_/ldpath.html). Finally, --with-ssl isn't a valid configure argument, and the patch listed there to add it doesn't apply cleanly.

Homebrew 拒绝链接 OpenSSL 在您尝试时不适用从源代码构建一些东西，而不是试图获得一个已经编译的 dylib 来查找重定位的库.此外，在/usr/local 中创建符号链接是危险的，并且可能导致程序针对较新的头文件进行编译，但会使用较旧的系统二进制文件.

Homebrew refusing to link OpenSSL doesn't apply when you're trying to build something from source, rather than trying to get an an already-compiled dylib to find a relocated library. Furthermore, making symlinks in /usr/local is dangerous, and can cause programs to compile against the newer headers but use the older system binaries.

如何在 MacOS 上使用 python 构建包含 ssl 不能正常工作.编辑 setup.py 以添加 lib 并包含安装 openSSL 部分 的目录的目录，并允许您在 SSL 支持下进行编译.唉，它们不可导入，因为旧版本仍在使用:

how to include ssl with python build on MacOS doesn't work properly. Editing setup.py to add the lib and include directories for where you've installed my openSSL partially works, and lets you compile in SSL support. Alas, they aren't importable because the old version is still getting used:

Following modules built successfully but were removed because they could not be imported:
_hashlib              _ssl                                    

[...]

building '_ssl' extension
gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -std=c99 -Wextra -Wno-unused-result -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-missing-field-initializers -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include/ -I./Include -I/oebuild/python/python-3.6.1/include -I. -I/usr/local/include -I/oebuild/python/src/Python-3.6.1/Include -I/oebuild/python/src/Python-3.6.1 -c /oebuild/python/src/Python-3.6.1/Modules/_ssl.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/oebuild/python/src/Python-3.6.1/Modules/_ssl.o
gcc -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup build/temp.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/oebuild/python/src/Python-3.6.1/Modules/_ssl.o -L/oebuild/python/python-3.6.1/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/_ssl.cpython-36m-darwin.so
building '_hashlib' extension
gcc -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -std=c99 -Wextra -Wno-unused-result -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-missing-field-initializers -I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include/ -I./Include -I/oebuild/python/python-3.6.1/include -I. -I/usr/local/include -I/oebuild/python/src/Python-3.6.1/Include -I/oebuild/python/src/Python-3.6.1 -c /oebuild/python/src/Python-3.6.1/Modules/_hashopenssl.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/oebuild/python/src/Python-3.6.1/Modules/_hashopenssl.o
gcc -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup build/temp.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/oebuild/python/src/Python-3.6.1/Modules/_hashopenssl.o -L/oebuild/python/python-3.6.1/lib -L/usr/local/lib -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/_hashlib.cpython-36m-darwin.so
*** WARNING: renaming "_ssl" since importing it failed: dlopen(build/lib.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/_ssl.cpython-36m-darwin.so, 2): Symbol not found: _CRYPTO_THREADID_set_callback
  Referenced from: build/lib.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/_ssl.cpython-36m-darwin.so
  Expected in: flat namespace
 in build/lib.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/_ssl.cpython-36m-darwin.so
*** WARNING: renaming "_hashlib" since importing it failed: dlopen(build/lib.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/_hashlib.cpython-36m-darwin.so, 2): Symbol not found: _HMAC_CTX_copy
  Referenced from: build/lib.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/_hashlib.cpython-36m-darwin.so
  Expected in: flat namespace
 in build/lib.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/_hashlib.cpython-36m-darwin.so

otool -L 显示问题:

$ otool -L build/lib.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/_ssl.cpython-36m-darwin_failed.so 
build/lib.macosx-10.11-x86_64-3.6/_ssl.cpython-36m-darwin_failed.so:
    /usr/lib/libssl.0.9.8.dylib (compatibility version 0.9.8, current version 0.9.8)
    /usr/lib/libcrypto.0.9.8.dylib (compatibility version 0.9.8, current version 0.9.8)
    /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 1226.10.1)

(根据 https，在 1.0.0 版中引入了 CRYPTO_THREADID://wiki.openssl.org/index.php/Manual:Threads(3)#HISTORY)

这篇关于如何使用自制软件的 openSSL 在 macOS 上编译 Python 3.6.2?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！