Django:如何在视图请求之外获取已登录的用户? [英] Django: How can i get the logged user outside of view request?

问题描述

我有一个需要登录用户信息的类方法(在视图之外).如何在不将 request 传递给方法的情况下检索登录用户?不幸的是，我找不到一个好的解决方案，而且不存在这样的方法是不合逻辑的，因为 Django 应该将登录用户存储在某个地方.否则(我相信)不可能使用 django.contrib.auth.decorators 中的 @login_required 装饰器.对吗?

I have a class method (outside of a view) who needs the logged user's information. How can i retrieve the logged in user without passing the request to the method? Unfortunately i can't find nowhere a nice solution and it's not logical just not exist such a way to do it, because Django should store somewhere the logged in user. Otherwise (i believe) it would be impossible to use @login_required decorator from django.contrib.auth.decorators. Right?

所以如果不可能，为什么不呢?如果我唯一想要的是登录用户而不是 request 中的所有信息，为什么 Django 会这样工作?

So if it's not possible why it's not? Why Django works like this if the only think i want is the logged in user and not all the informations inside request?

提前致谢.

推荐答案

关于装饰器，错了.实际上装饰器使用请求参数调用.

About decorators, it is wrong. Actually decorators called with request argument.

我相信更好的方法是将用户或请求对象传递给类的方法.但是还有其他方法可以访问请求.

I believe better way is that passing user or request object to class's method. But there are other ways to access request.

这是我们使用的代码.您需要将此中间件添加到 MIDDLEWARES 中.和进口 &调用 get_request 函数.

Here is the code that we use. You need to add this middleware to MIDDLEWARES. And import & calling get_request function.

2017 年 7 月更新: 使用 Python 3.6.1 和 Django 1.10.7 进行测试，基于此答案中的原始代码和 编写自己的中间件文档.

Update July 2017: Tested with Python 3.6.1 and Django 1.10.7, based in the original code from this answer and in the Writing your own middleware documentation.

• 首先创建一个新的应用程序，即.startapp request_middleware.
• 然后将 "request_middleware" 添加到 settings.py 中的 INSTALLED_APPS.
• 然后粘贴下面的代码，即.request_middleware.middleware.py.
• 最后在 settings.py 中将 "request_middleware.middleware.RequestMiddleware" 添加到您的 MIDDLEWARE(在我的情况下，我已经将它在 'debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware' 和 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware' 之间，尽我所能地高于列表).

• First create a new app, ie. startapp request_middleware.
• Then add "request_middleware" to your INSTALLED_APPS in settings.py.
• After that paste the code bellow in, ie. request_middleware.middleware.py.
• Finally add "request_middleware.middleware.RequestMiddleware" to your MIDDLEWARE in settings.py (In my case I've placed it in between 'debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware' and 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware' as far above the list as I could).

# request_middleware.middleware.py

from threading import current_thread

_REQUESTS = {}


class RequestNotFound(Exception):
    def __init__(self, message):
        self.message = message


def get_request():
    thread = current_thread()
    if thread not in _REQUESTS:
        raise RequestNotFound('global request error')
    else:
        return _REQUESTS[thread]


class RequestMiddleware(object):
    def __init__(self, get_response):
        self.get_response = get_response

    def process_request(self, request):
        _REQUESTS[current_thread()] = request

    def __call__(self, request):
        self.process_request(request)
        response = self.get_response(request)

        return response

之后，只需执行 from request_middleware.middleware import get_request 即可在您的代码中使用 get_request.

After that simply do from request_middleware.middleware import get_request in order to use get_request in your code.

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