ggplot2 带箭头/向量的风时间序列 [英] ggplot2 wind time series with arrows/vectors

问题描述

根据气象数据(温度、风和湿度的每小时值)，我设法绘制了风速和风向的时间序列.现在我想在时间序列图上添加风向量.在这里您可以看到我想要的输出(在实际绘图上绘制的箭头).

From meteorological data (hourly values of temperature, wind and humidity) I managed to plot time series of wind speed and direction. Now I would like to add wind vectors on the time series plot. Here you can see the output I would like (arrows drawn over the actual plot).

我正在使用 ggplot2，一直在查看 stackoverflow、ggplot2 包文档(将继续)，但没有找到解决方案.任何想法或建议都可以作为起点.

I am using ggplot2, been looking through stackoverflow, ggplot2 package docs (will continue) but no solution found. Any idea or indication where to look would be a starting point.

提前致谢

编辑问题正如@slowlearner 在评论中所建议的那样，我在此处添加代码和数据以制作可重现的示例.看起来 geom_segment 可以解决问题.我设法在geom_segment 中计算了yend，但无法弄清楚如何找到xend，因为x 轴是时间轴.我有风速和风向数据，所以我可以计算 geom_segment 的 x,y 风分量，但 x 需要转换为时间格式.

EDIT QUESTION As suggested in a comment by @slowlearner I add here code and data to make a reproducible example. It looks like geom_segment could do the trick. I managed to calculate yend in geom_segment but can't figure out how to find xend as x axis is a time axis. I've got wind speed and direction data so I can calculate x,y wind components for geom_segment but x needs to be converted to time format.

这是用于绘图的代码(温度)和数据

Here is the code used for the plot (temperature) and data

for (i in 1:2 ) {

rams=subset(data,data$stat_id %in% i)
tore=subset(torre,torre$stat_id %in% i)

# Gràfica en ggplot

# Gráfica de evolución temporal de las estaciones de la zona

gtitol=places$nom[places$stat_id == i]

myplot=ggplot(data=rams,aes(x=datetime, y=tempc, colour="RAMS")) +
  geom_line()  +  ylab("Temperatura (ºC)") + xlab(" ") + 
  ggtitle(gtitol) + theme(legend.title=element_blank()) + theme(legend.position="bottom") +
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0,40)) +
  geom_line(data=tore,aes(x=datetime,y=temp,colour = "Torre")) 
#scale_y_continuous(breaks = round(seq(min(data$tempc), max(data$tempc), by = 2),0))


ggsave(myplot,filename=paste("RAMS-",i,".png",sep=""),width=7.78,height=5.79)

}

按照我尝试过的 geom_segment 文档

Following geom_segment docs I tried

p=ggplot(tore, aes(x =datetime, y = 5))
p + geom_segment(aes(xend = datetime, yend = 5 + v), arrow = arrow(length = unit(0.1,"cm")))

得到这样的数字.你可以看到x坐标是日期时间，我应该如何转换风分量来得到xend?现在 xend 等于 datetime 但我想要类似datetime + xwindcomp"

Getting this kind of figure. You can see x coordinate is datetime, how should I convert wind component to get xend? By now xend equals datetime but I would like something like "datetime + xwindcomp"

感谢您的帮助

推荐答案

作为序言，请确保在以后的问题中包含所有代码和相关数据.如果您查看上面的问题，您会看到一些对象，例如 torre 没有定义.这意味着我们不能复制并粘贴到我们的 R 设置中.此外，您链接到的数据也不能与问题中的代码一起使用，因为它是一个有限的子集.我的建议:(a)创建看起来像您正在使用的数据的假数据(b)将您的代码保持在绝对最小值(c)在新的 R 会话中测试并仔细检查代码和数据之前 你发帖.

Just as a preamble, please make sure you include all code and relevant data in future questions. If you look at your question above, you will see that some objects such as torre are not defined. That means we can't copy and paste into our R setups. Also the data to which you linked could not be used with the code in the question as it was a limited subset. My advice: (a) create fake data that looks like the data you are using (b) keep your code to the absolute minimum (c) test and double-check code and data in a new R session before you post.

据我所知，您想要以下内容.当然，您必须根据自己的目的对其进行调整，但它应该会给您一些关于如何解决问题的想法.请注意，大多数外观属性(例如线条颜色、粗细、图例和标题)已从图中省略:它们对于本问题的目的并不重要.编辑另一种方法可能是对风数据使用相同的数据框，然后使用分面变量在不同但链接的图中显示速度.

As far as I can tell you want something like the below. Of course you will have to adapt it for your own purposes, but it should give you some ideas on how to tackle your problem. Notice most of the cosmetic properties such as line colours, thicknesses, legends and titles have been omitted from the plot: they are not important for the purposes of this question. EDIT Another approach might be to use the same data frame for the wind data and then use a faceting variable to show the speed in a different but linked plot.

require(ggplot2)
require(scales)
require(gridExtra)
require(lubridate)
set.seed(1234)

# create fake data for temperature
mydf <- data.frame(datetime = ISOdatetime(2013,08,04,0,0,0) +
                   seq(0:50)*10*60,
                   temp = runif(51, 15, 25))

# take a subset of temperature data,
# basically sampling every 60 minutes
wind <- mydf[minute(mydf$datetime) == 0, ]
# then create fake wind velocity data
wind$velocity <- runif(nrow(wind), -5, 20)
# define an end point for geom_segment
wind$x.end <- wind$datetime + minutes(60)

ggplot(data = mydf, aes(x = datetime, y = temp, group = 1)) +
    geom_line() +
    geom_segment(data = wind,
                 size = 3,
                 aes(x = datetime,
                     xend = x.end,
                     y = 10,
                     yend = velocity),
                 arrow = arrow(length = unit(0.5, "cm"))) +
    theme()

这会生成以下图:

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