解码 UTF8 电子邮件标头 [英] Decode an UTF8 email header

问题描述

我有一个表单的电子邮件主题:

I have an email subject of the form:

=?utf-8?B?T3.....?=

电子邮件的正文采用 utf-8 base64 编码 - 解码良好.我目前正在使用 Perl 的 Email::MIME 模块来解码电子邮件.

The body of the email is utf-8 base64 encoded - and has decoded fine. I am current using Perl's Email::MIME module to decode the email.

=?utf-8 分隔符是什么意思，如何从这个字符串中提取信息?

What is the meaning of the =?utf-8 delimiter and how do I extract information from this string?

推荐答案

编码字 令牌(根据 RFC 2047)可以出现在某些标头的值中.解析如下:

The encoded-word tokens (as per RFC 2047) can occur in values of some headers. They are parsed as follows:

=?<charset>?<encoding>?<data>?=

在这种情况下，字符集是 UTF-8，编码是 B，表示 base64(另一个选项是 Q，表示 Quoted Printable).

Charset is UTF-8 in this case, the encoding is B which means base64 (the other option is Q which means Quoted Printable).

要读取它，首先解码 base64，然后将其视为 UTF-8 字符.

To read it, first decode the base64, then treat it as UTF-8 characters.

还可以阅读各种 Internet 邮件 RFC 了解更多详细信息，主要是 RFC 2047.

Also read the various Internet Mail RFCs for more detail, mainly RFC 2047.

由于您使用的是 Perl，Encode::MIME::Header 可以有用:

Since you are using Perl, Encode::MIME::Header could be of use:

概要

use Encode qw/encode decode/;
$utf8   = decode('MIME-Header', $header);
$header = encode('MIME-Header', $utf8);

摘要

此模块实现 RFC 2047 Mime标头编码.有 3 种变体编码名称；MIME 标头，MIME-B和 MIME-Q.不同的是如下所述

This module implements RFC 2047 Mime Header Encoding. There are 3 variant encoding names; MIME-Header, MIME-B and MIME-Q. The difference is described below

              decode()          encode()  
MIME-Header   Both B and Q      =?UTF-8?B?....?=  
MIME-B        B only; Q croaks  =?UTF-8?B?....?=  
MIME-Q        Q only; B croaks  =?UTF-8?Q?....?=

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