如何在 Golang 中替换字符串中的单个字符? [英] How to replace a single character inside a string in Golang?

问题描述

我从用户那里获取了一个物理位置地址，并尝试将其安排为创建一个 URL，该 URL 稍后将用于从 Google Geocode API 获取 JSON 响应.

I am getting a physical location address from a user and trying to arrange it to create a URL that would use later to get a JSON response from Google Geocode API.

最终的 URL 字符串结果应该类似于 这个，没有空格:

The final URL string result should be similar to this one, without spaces:

http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA&sensor=true

我不知道如何替换我的 URL 字符串中的空格并使用逗号代替.我确实阅读了一些关于字符串和正则表达式包的信息，并创建了以下代码:

I do not know how to replace white spaces in my URL string and have commas instead. I did read a little about the strings and regexp packages and I have created the following code:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "bufio"
    "os"
    "http"
)

func main() {
    // Get the physical address
    r := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)  
    fmt.Println("Enter a physical location address: ")
    line, _, _ := r.ReadLine()

    // Print the inputted address
    address := string(line)
    fmt.Println(address) // Need to see what I'm getting

    // Create the URL and get Google's Geocode API JSON response for that address
    URL := "http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=" + address + "&sensor=true"
    fmt.Println(URL)

    result, _ := http.Get(URL)
    fmt.Println(result) // To see what I'm getting at this point
}

推荐答案

你可以使用 strings.替换.

You can use strings.Replace.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    str := "a space-separated string"
    str = strings.Replace(str, " ", ",", -1)
    fmt.Println(str)
}

如果你需要替换不止一个东西，或者你需要一遍又一遍地做同样的替换，最好使用 strings.Replacer:

If you need to replace more than one thing, or you'll need to do the same replacement over and over, it might be better to use a strings.Replacer:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

// replacer replaces spaces with commas and tabs with commas.
// It's a package-level variable so we can easily reuse it, but
// this program doesn't take advantage of that fact.
var replacer = strings.NewReplacer(" ", ",", "	", ",")

func main() {
    str := "a space- and	tab-separated string"
    str = replacer.Replace(str)
    fmt.Println(str)
}

当然，如果您出于编码目的进行替换，例如 URL 编码，那么最好使用专门用于该目的的函数，例如 url.QueryEscape

And of course if you're replacing for the purpose of encoding, such as URL encoding, then it might be better to use a function specifically for that purpose, such as url.QueryEscape

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