如何在 Ruby 中模拟类似 Java 的注解? [英] How to simulate Java-like annotations in Ruby?

问题描述

如何在 ruby​​ 中模拟类似 Java 的注解?

How to simulate Java-like annotations in ruby?

(嗯，我有答案，概括http://bens.me.uk/2009/java-style-ruby 中的注释)

(Well, I have the answer, generalizing http://bens.me.uk/2009/java-style-annotations-in-ruby)

推荐答案

改编自几周前我在回答另一个问题时写的一段代码，虽然它当然不是原创的.这是一个众所周知的Ruby习语，毕竟已经使用了很多年了，至少从rakes的desc方法开始.

This is adapted from a piece of code I wrote in an answer to another question a couple of weeks ago, although it is of course hardly original. This is a well-known Ruby idiom, after all, which has been in use for many years, at least since rakes's desc method.

module Annotations
  def annotations(meth=nil)
    return @__annotations__[meth] if meth
    @__annotations__
  end

  private

  def method_added(m)
    (@__annotations__ ||= {})[m] = @__last_annotation__ if @__last_annotation__
    @__last_annotation__ = nil
    super
  end

  def method_missing(meth, *args)
    return super unless /A_/ =~ meth
    @__last_annotation__ ||= {}
    @__last_annotation__[meth[1..-1].to_sym] = args.size == 1 ? args.first : args
  end
end

class Module
  private

  def annotate!
    extend Annotations
  end
end

这是一个小例子:

class A
  annotate!

  _hello   color: 'red',   ancho:   23
  _goodbye color: 'green', alto:  -123
  _foobar  color: 'blew'
  def m1; end

  def m2; end

  _foobar  color: 'cyan'
  def m3; end
end

当然，没有测试套件，任何 Ruby 代码都不完整:

And of course no Ruby code would be complete without a testsuite:

require 'test/unit'
class TestAnnotations < Test::Unit::TestCase
  def test_that_m1_is_annotated_with_hello_and_has_value_red
    assert_equal 'red', A.annotations(:m1)[:hello][:color]
  end
  def test_that_m3_is_annotated_with_foobar_and_has_value_cyan
    assert_equal 'cyan', A.annotations[:m3][:foobar][:color]
  end
  def test_that_m1_is_annotated_with_goodbye
    assert A.annotations[:m1][:goodbye]
  end
  def test_that_all_annotations_are_there
    annotations = {
      m1: {
        hello:   { color: 'red',   ancho:   23 },
        goodbye: { color: 'green', alto:  -123 },
        foobar:  { color: 'blew'               }
      },
      m3: {
        foobar:  { color: 'cyan'               }
      }
    }
    assert_equal annotations, A.annotations
  end
end

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