如何解决警告:元素“entityFramework"具有无效的子元素“提供者".预期的可能元素列表:“上下文" [英] How to resolve Warning : The element 'entityFramework' has invalid child element 'providers'. List of possible elements expected: 'contexts'

问题描述

我在玩 EF 不同的工作流程.昨天我做了一个新项目，Entity Framework 6 是 Nuget 的第一个建议，所以我决定试一试，它也是一个非常小的项目，完全用于学习目的所以我想尝试 EF 6 会是很好的体验，因为我主要使用 Ef 5.

I'm playing around with EF different workflows. Yesterday I made a new project and Entity Framework 6 was the first suggestion from Nuget so I decided to give it a try, also it is a very small project entirely for learning purposes so I guess it will be good experience to try EF 6 since I've been working mostly with Ef 5.

我的应用程序基于 Code First 方法.解决方案的结构显示在打印屏幕中:

My Application is based on Code First approach. The structure of the solution is shown in the print screen:

CodeFirstClasses 项目旨在容纳我的实体.为简单起见，并且因为我遵循教程，所以我只使用你可能看到的一个类 - Customer.cs.我有:

The project CodeFirstClasses is meant to hold my Entites. For simplicity purposes and because I follow a tutorial I use only one class as you may see - Customer.cs. There I have :

public class RewardContext : DbContext
    { 
        //Specify the name of the base as Rewards
        public RewardContext() : base("Rewards")
        { 
        }

        //Create a database set for each data item
        public DbSet<Purchase> Purchases { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Customer> Customers { get; set; }

    }

还有其他类 - Purchase 和 Customer 是微不足道的，所以我不会在这里粘贴它们.

And the other classes - Purchase and Customer which are trivial, so I won't paste them here.

您可以看到的另一个项目是 Windows Forms 项目，上面只有一个表单和按钮.在按钮的 click 事件中，我拥有将新记录添加到硬编码的两个实体的所有逻辑.这里只是其中的一部分:

The other project as you can see is Windows Forms project with just one form and button on it. On the click event of the button I have all the logic for adding new records to my two entities hardcoded. Here is just a part of it:

    //some code...
    //Add the record and save it
    context.Customers.Add(newCustomer);
    context.Purchases.Add(newPurchase);
    context.SaveChanges();

    MessageBox.Show("Record Added!");

到目前为止，与我使用 EF 5 的习惯没有什么不同.我可以构建项目，我可以运行它，并且一切都按预期执行.但是我从标题中得到了这个警告:

So far nothing different from what I'm used to with EF 5. I can build the project, I can run it, and everything is executed as expected. However I get this warning from the title :

警告 1 元素 'entityFramework' 具有无效的子元素 'providers'.预期的可能元素列表:'contexts'. 尽管我主要使用 MS SQL Server Management Studio 我注意到我无法管理我的连接/数据库来自 IDE - Visual Studio 2012，但这不是 EF 5 的问题.

Warning 1 The element 'entityFramework' has invalid child element 'providers'. List of possible elements expected: 'contexts'. And even though I'm using mostly MS SQL Server Management Studio I've noticed that I'm not able to manage my connections/databases from the IDE - Visual Studio 2012, but this was not an issue with EF 5.

我的研究将问题/解决方案的可能来源缩小到手动更改 App.config 文件，但这是我没有太多经验的领域，尤其是在 IDE 处理时直到 EF 6.所以我会为这个解决方案发布我的两个 App.config 文件:

My research narrowed down the possible source of problem/solution to manually changing the App.config file, but this is an area where I haven't got much experience especially when the IDE took care of it until EF 6. So I'll post both my App.config files for this solution :

CodeFirstClasses 项目中的那个:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
    <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
  </configSections>
  <entityFramework>
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory, EntityFramework" />
    <providers>
      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
    </providers>
  </entityFramework>
</configuration>

从我的 TestCodeFirst 项目中:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
    <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
  </configSections>
  <startup>
    <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" />
  </startup>
  <entityFramework>
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory, EntityFramework" />
    <providers>
      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
    </providers>
  </entityFramework>
</configuration>

我发现的另一个可能的解决方案是:更新 xsd 以在 web/app.config 文件中验证"EF 配置部分以识别新添加的 EF6 元素 我也不知道具体怎么做.

And the other possible solution that I found is : updating the xsd for "validating" EF config section in web/app.config file to recognize newly added EF6 elements which I'm also not aware of how exactly to do it.

即使当我打开 MS SQL Server Management Studio 时，我看到为该应用程序创建的数据库，记录已保存并且通常它似乎可以工作，但我想解决此警告并了解如何基于 EF 6 设置我的应用程序吧.

Even though when I open the MS SQL Server Management Studio I see the database created for this application, the records are saved and generally it seems to work but yet I would like to resolve this warning and get to know how to set up my applications based on EF 6 right.

推荐答案

您可以从 这里，它将更新验证配置文件的架构.

You can install the EF6 Designer for VS2012 from here and it will update the schema that validates config files.

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