查找和替换特定目录中文件中的字符串 [英] find and replace strings in files in a particular directory

问题描述

我需要在多个目录中的 .hpp、.h、.cpp 文件中替换一个模式.

I have a pattern that I need to replace in my .hpp, .h, .cpp files in multiple directories.

我已阅读 查找和替换多个特定术语文件 问题寻求指导.我也在使用 this 教程，但我无法实现我的目标打算做.所以这是我的模式.

I have read Find and replace a particular term in multiple files question for guidance. I am also using this tutorial but I am not able achieve what I intend to do. So here is my pattern.

throw some::lengthy::exception();

我想用这个替换它

throw CreateException(some::lengthy::exception());

我怎样才能做到这一点?

How can I achieve this?

更新:

此外，如果 some::lengthy::exception() 部分是变体的，它会随着每个搜索结果而变化，该怎么办?像

Moreover, what if the some::lengthy::exception() part is variant such that it changes for every search result ? Something like

抛出一些::changeing::text::exception();

将转换为

throw CreateException(some::changeing::text::exception());

推荐答案

可以使用 sed 表达式:

sed 's/throw some::lengthy::exception();/throw CreateException(some::lengthy::exception());/g'

并将其添加到 find 命令中以检查 .h、.cpp 和 .hpp 文件(想法来自 使用 ls 和 grep 列出具有特定扩展名的文件):

And add it into a find command to check .h, .cpp and .hpp files (idea coming from List files with certain extensions with ls and grep):

find . -iregex '.*.(h|cpp|hpp)'

大家一起:

find . -iregex '.*.(h|cpp|hpp)' -exec sed -i.bak 's/throw some::lengthy::exception();/throw CreateException(some::lengthy::exception());/g' {} ;

注意 sed -i.bak 的使用，以便就地编辑，但创建一个 file.bak 备份文件.

Note the usage of sed -i.bak in order to to edits in place but create a file.bak backup file.

如果您的模式不同，您可以使用:

If your pattern varies, you can use:

sed -r '/^throw/s/throw (.*);$/throw CreateException(1);/' file

这会替换以 throw 开头的行.它捕获 throw 到 ; 之后的所有内容，并将其打印回来，并由 CreateException();` 包围.

This does the replacement in the lines starting with throw. It catches everything after throw up to ; and prints it back surrounded by CreateException();`.

$ cat a.hpp 
throw some::lengthy::exception();
throw you();
asdfasdf throw you();
$ sed -r '/^throw/s/throw (.*);$/throw CreateException(1);/' a.hpp 
throw CreateException(some::lengthy::exception());
throw CreateException(you());
asdfasdf throw you();

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