如何在 Linux 中进行单向差异? [英] How do I do a one way diff in Linux?

问题描述

如何在 Linux 中进行单向比较?

How do I do a one way diff in Linux?

差异的正常行为:

通常，diff 会告诉您两个文件之间的所有差异.例如，它会告诉您文件 A 中不在文件 B 中的所有内容，还会告诉您文件 B 中但不在文件 A 中的所有内容.例如:

Normally, diff will tell you all the differences between a two files. For example, it will tell you anything that is in file A that is not in file B, and will also tell you everything that is in file B, but not in file A. For example:

文件 A 包含:

cat
good dog
one
two

文件 B 包含:

cat
some garbage
one
a whole bunch of garbage
something I don't want to know

如果我按如下方式进行常规比较:

If I do a regular diff as follows:

差异 A B

输出将类似于:

2c2
< good dog
---
> some garbage
4c4,5
< two
---
> a whole bunch of garbage
> something I don't want to know

我在寻找什么:

我想要的只是第一部分，例如，我想知道文件 A 中的所有内容，而不是文件 B.但是，我希望它忽略文件 B 中的所有内容，而不是文件 A 中的所有内容.

What I want is just the first part, for example, I want to know everything that is in File A, but not file B. However, I want it to ignore everything that is in file B, but not in file A.

我想要的是命令或一系列命令:

<强>????甲乙

产生输出:

2c2
< good dog
4c4,5
< two

我相信可以通过将 diff 的输出通过管道传输到 sed 或 awk 来实现解决方案，但我对这些工具不够熟悉，无法提出解决方案.我基本上想删除所有以 --- 和 > 开头的行.

I believe a solution could be achieved by piping the output of diff into sed or awk, but I am not familiar enough with those tools to come up with a solution. I basically want to remove all lines that begin with --- and >.

我编辑了示例以说明一行中的多个单词.

I edited the example to account for multiple words on a line.

注意:这是一个子问题":确定安装在 RedHat Linux 机器上的非操作系统软件包列表

Note: This is a "sub-question" of: Determine list of non-OS packages installed on a RedHat Linux machine

注意:这与此处提出的问题相似但不同(例如，不是骗子):单向差异文件

Note: This is similar to, but not the same as the question asked here (e.g. not a dupe): One-way diff file

推荐答案

diff A B|grep '^<'|awk '{print $2}'

grep '^<' 表示选择行以 <

grep '^<' means select rows start with <

awk '{print $2}' 表示选择第二列

这篇关于如何在 Linux 中进行单向差异?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！