如何在 Julia 中显示向量和矩阵的所有元素 [英] how to show all elements of vectors and matrices in Julia

问题描述

当数组中有很多元素时，Julia REPL 只显示其中的一部分.例如:

When I have many elements in an array, Julia REPL only shows some part of it. For example:

julia> x = rand(100,2);

julia> x
100×2 Array{Float64,2}:
 0.277023   0.0826133
 0.186201   0.76946  
 0.534247   0.777725 
 0.942698   0.0239694
 0.498693   0.0285596
 ⋮                   
 0.383858   0.959607 
 0.987775   0.20382  
 0.319679   0.69348  
 0.491127   0.976363 

有没有办法像上面那样以垂直形式显示所有元素?print(x) 或 showall(x) 把它放在一个丑陋的形式没有换行.

Is there any way to show all elements in the vertical form as above? print(x) or showall(x) put it in an ugly form without line changes.

推荐答案

注意:在 0.7 中，Base.STDOUT 已重命名为 Base.stdout.其余的应该保持不变.---

NOTE: in 0.7, Base.STDOUT has been renamed to Base.stdout. The rest should work unchanged. ---

base/中有很多内部使用的方法arrayshow.jl 做与此相关的事情.我找到了

There are a lot of internally used methods in base/arrayshow.jl doing stuff related to this. I found

Base.print_matrix(STDOUT, x)

工作.可以使用 IOContext 恢复限制行为:

to work. The limiting behaviour can be restored by using an IOContext:

Base.print_matrix(IOContext(STDOUT, :limit => true), x)

但是，此方法只打印值，而不是包含类型的标头信息.但是我们可以使用 summary 检索该标头(我在查看 这个).

However, this method only prints the values, not the header information containing the type. But we can retrieve that header using summary (which I found out looking at this).

两者结合:

function myshowall(io, x, limit = false) 
  println(io, summary(x), ":")
  Base.print_matrix(IOContext(io, :limit => limit), x)
end

例子:

julia> myshowall(STDOUT, x[1:30, :], true)
30×2 Array{Float64,2}:
 0.21730681784436     0.5737060668051441 
 0.6266216317547848   0.47625168078991886
 0.9726153326748859   0.8015583406422266 
 0.2025063774372835   0.8980835847636988 
 0.5915731785584124   0.14211295083173403
 0.8697483851126573   0.10711267862191032
 0.2806684748462547   0.1663862576894135 
 0.87125664767098     0.1927759597335088 
 0.8106696671235174   0.8771542319415393 
 0.14276026457365587  0.23869679483621642
 0.987513511756988    0.38605250840302996
 ⋮                                       
 0.9587892008777128   0.9823155299532416 
 0.893979917305394    0.40184945077330836
 0.6248799650411605   0.5002213828574473 
 0.13922016844193186  0.2697416140839628 
 0.9614124092388507   0.2506075363030087 
 0.8403420376444073   0.6834231190218074 
 0.9141176587557365   0.4300133583400858 
 0.3728064777779758   0.17772360447862634
 0.47579213503909745  0.46906998919124576
 0.2576800028360562   0.9045669936804894 
julia> myshowall(STDOUT, x[1:30, :], false)
30×2 Array{Float64,2}:
 0.21730681784436     0.5737060668051441 
 0.6266216317547848   0.47625168078991886
 0.9726153326748859   0.8015583406422266 
 0.2025063774372835   0.8980835847636988 
 0.5915731785584124   0.14211295083173403
 0.8697483851126573   0.10711267862191032
 0.2806684748462547   0.1663862576894135 
 0.87125664767098     0.1927759597335088 
 0.8106696671235174   0.8771542319415393 
 0.14276026457365587  0.23869679483621642
 0.987513511756988    0.38605250840302996
 0.8230271471019499   0.37242899586931943
 0.9138200958138099   0.8068913133278408 
 0.8525161103718151   0.5975492199077801 
 0.20865490007184317  0.7176626477090138 
 0.708988887470049    0.8600690517032243 
 0.5858885634109547   0.9900228746877875 
 0.4207526577539027   0.4509115980616851 
 0.26721679563705836  0.38795692270409465
 0.5627701589178917   0.5191793105440308 
 0.9587892008777128   0.9823155299532416 
 0.893979917305394    0.40184945077330836
 0.6248799650411605   0.5002213828574473 
 0.13922016844193186  0.2697416140839628 
 0.9614124092388507   0.2506075363030087 
 0.8403420376444073   0.6834231190218074 
 0.9141176587557365   0.4300133583400858 
 0.3728064777779758   0.17772360447862634
 0.47579213503909745  0.46906998919124576
 0.2576800028360562   0.9045669936804894

但是，我会等待一些关于 print_matrix 是否可以依赖的意见，因为它不是从 Base 导出的...

However, I would wait for some opinions about whether print_matrix can be relied upon, given that it is not exported from Base...

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