使用 awk 打印除匹配范围模式外的所有内容 [英] Printing all contents EXCEPT matching range pattern using awk

问题描述

在 Awk 中，范围模式不是表达式，因此不能使用！"不是它.那么如何实现它(使用awk打印除匹配范围模式之外的所有内容)?

In Awk, the range pattern is not an expression, so canot use the "!" to not it. so how to implement it (Printing all contents EXCEPT matching range pattern using awk)?

例如

$cat 1.t

abd
hfdh
#  
fafa
deafa
123 
#
end

我想要的结果:

猫 1.t

abd
hfdh
end

我举了一个不恰当的例子.endpattern 应该与 startpattern 不同，因为我还没有对此进行测试.那是我的错.

I gave an impertinent example. the endpattern should be different with the startpattern because I just have not test this. That's My fault.

同时，我想以不同的方式操作范围模式和非范围模式.所以 sed 不是我的选择.

At the same time, I want to operate the range pattern and the not range pattern differently. So sed is not my choice.

推荐答案

你只是举了一个棘手的(我不知道我应该称之为好还是坏^_^)的例子.您的文本具有完全相同的 startpattern 和 endpattern (#)

you just gave a tricky (I don't know I should call it good or bad ^_^ ) example. Your text have exactly same startpattern and endpattern (#)

我猜你正在寻找与 sed '/#/,/#/d' 或 sed -n '/#/,/#/!p' 相同的方式

I guess you are looking for the same way as sed '/#/,/#/d' or sed -n '/#/,/#/!p'

awk 中有一些类似(与 sed 不同)的地址模型.在手册页中有解释.我说不一样，你的例子很好.如果 start == end awk 的地址模型将不起作用:

There is some similiar (not same as sed's) address model in awk. In man page there is explanation. I said not same, your example is good one. if start == end the address model for awk won't work:

kent$  echo "abd
hfdh
#  
fafa
deafa
123 
#
end"|awk '/#/,/#/{next}1'                                                                                                                                                   
abd
hfdh
fafa
deafa
123 
end

因为 awk 匹配同一行(再次检查手册页)，但如果它们不同，请参见以下示例:

because awk matches the same line (again check man page) but if they are different, see this example:

kent$  echo "abd
hfdh
#  
fafa
deafa
123 
##
end"|awk '/#/,/##/{next}1'
abd
hfdh
end

它会给你想要的.所以如果是这种情况，你可以这样做:

it will give what you want. so if this is the case, you could just do:

awk '/start/,/end/{next}1'

是的，与 sed 的非常相似.

yes, quite similar as sed's one.

如果开始和结束真的一样，你想用awk做，你需要flag.

If the start and end are really same, you want to do it with awk, you need flag.

kent$  echo "abd
hfdh
#  
fafa
deafa
123 
#
end"|awk '/#/&&!f{f=1;next}f&&/#/{f=0;next}!f'
abd
hfdh
end

好吧，在示例中最好使用 ^#$，但这不是重点.我希望这能回答你的问题.

well, in example better use ^#$, but that is not the point. I hope this answers your question.

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