如何给列之间的空间？ [英] How to give space between columns?

问题描述

我有一个文本文件，如图below.I想给在第五列中的字符和号码之间的空间。我怎样才能做到这一点使用awk？

  CXE 911 BV HEG A1029 53.030
BVF 912 CV LYA A1030 51.99所需的输出CXE 911 BV HEG一1029 53.030
BVF 912 CV LYA一1030 51.99
 

解决方案

  $ AWK'匹配（$ 0 /（[^ [：空间：]] + [[：空间：] ] +）{4} [^ [：空间：]] /）{
         打印SUBSTR（$ 0,1，RLENGTH），SUBSTR（$ 0 RLENGTH + 1）}'文件
CXE 911 BV HEG一1029 53.030
BVF 912 CV LYA一1030 51.99
 

4以上是列一个你感兴趣的，即5日前的数量。如果你想在不同的领域工作，只是改变了明显的方式，这个数字。

如果您正在使用GAWK的是旧版本你需要添加--re间隔标记但对于新gawks RE-区间（{4}）默认情况下启用。

此外，这里有一个简短但GNU的awk的具体的解决方案，如果你preFER：

  $的awk'{打印gensub（/（（[^ [：空间：]] + [[：空间：]] +）{4} [^ [：空间：] ]）（*）/，\\\\ 1 \\\\ 3，）}文件
CXE 911 BV HEG一1029 53.030
BVF 912 CV LYA一1030 51.99
 

您可以用一对子（做任何类似AWK）■但它的丑陋，所以我会用比赛（）/ SUBSTR（）对于那些awks。

最后，如果像有些人已经发布，你想要一个解决方案，以每行21字符后添加一个空格，而不是在每行第5场的第一个字符在那之后只希望是：

  $ awk的子（/ {21} /，＆安培;。）文件
CXE 911 BV HEG一1029 53.030
BVF 912 CV LYA一1030 51.99
 

I have a text file as shown below.I would like to give a space between the character and number in the fifth column. How can I do this with awk?

cxe  911  bv  heg   A1029   53.030
bvf  912  cv  lya   A1030   51.99

Desired output

cxe  911  bv  heg   A 1029   53.030
bvf  912  cv  lya   A 1030   51.99

解决方案

$ awk 'match($0,/([^[:space:]]+[[:space:]]+){4}[^[:space:]]/) {
         print substr($0,1,RLENGTH), substr($0,RLENGTH+1) }' file
cxe  911  bv  heg   A 1029   53.030
bvf  912  cv  lya   A 1030   51.99

The "4" above is the number of columns before the one you're interested in, i.e. the 5th. If you want to operate on a different field, just change that number in the obvious way.

If you're using an older version of gawk you'd need to add the --re-interval flag but for newer gawks RE-intervals ({4}) are enabled by default.

Also, here's a briefer but GNU-awk specific solution if you prefer:

$ awk '{print gensub(/(([^[:space:]]+[[:space:]]+){4}[^[:space:]])(.*)/,"\\1 \\3","")}' file
cxe  911  bv  heg   A 1029   53.030
bvf  912  cv  lya   A 1030   51.99

You can do similar in any awk using a pair of sub()s but it's ugly so I'd use the match()/substr() for those awks.

Finally if, as some others have posted, you want a solution to add a space after the 21st character on each line rather than after the first character in the 5th field on each line then that'd just be:

$ awk 'sub(/.{21}/,"& ")' file
cxe  911  bv  heg   A 1029   53.030
bvf  912  cv  lya   A 1030   51.99

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