AWK记录和字段如何执行和读取 [英] AWK how records and fields are executed and read

问题描述

我收到下面的awk程序正确的结果。但我不明白怎么做code的AWK过程线以下程序：

I am getting the right result for the awk program below. But I dont understand how does AWK process lines of code for the below program :

{
    for(i = 1; i <= NF; i++)
    {
    if (min[i]==""){ print "initial min " $i; min[i]=$i;} #line1
    if (max[i]==""){ print "initial max " $i; max[i]=$i;} #line2
    if ($i<min[i]) { print "New min " $i; min[i]=$i;}     #line3
    if ($i>max[i]) { print "New max " $i; max[i]=$i;}     #line4
    }
}
END
{
   OFS="\t";
   print "min","max";
   for(i = 1; i <= NF; i++)
   {
   print min[i],max[i];
   }     
}

数据集场使用空格隔开

0.4 1.4 2.4 3.4
0.3 1.3 2.3 3.3 
0.1 1.1 2.1 3.1
0.2 1.2 2.2 3.2
0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5

输出

initial min 0.4
initial max 0.4
initial min 1.4
initial max 1.4
initial min 2.4
initial max 2.4
initial min 3.4
initial max 3.4
New min 0.3
New min 1.3
New min 2.3
New min 3.3
New min 0.1
New min 1.1
New min 2.1
New min 3.1
New max 0.5
New max 1.5
New max 2.5
New max 3.5

min max
0.1 0.5
1.1 1.5
2.1 2.5
3.1 3.5

1号线和2交替印刷（即最初的最小值和最大值），但3号线和4号线正在设置新的MIN或MAX的所有字段（或列）那么，如何awk的真正工作后执行？

Line 1 and 2 are printed alternatively(that is, initial min and max) But line 3 and line 4 are executed after setting new Min or Max for all the Fields(or column) So how does awk really work?

推荐答案

我编辑你的code到：

I edited your code into:

{
    for(i = 1; i <= NF; i++)
    {
    if (min[i]==""){ print "initial min["i"] " $i; min[i]=$i;} #line1
    if (max[i]==""){ print "initial max["i"] " $i; max[i]=$i;} #line2
    if ($i<min[i]) { print "New min["i"] " $i; min[i]=$i;}     #line3
    if ($i>max[i]) { print "New max["i"] " $i; max[i]=$i;}     #line4
    }
}
END {
   OFS="\t";
   print "min","max";
   for(i = 1; i <= NF; i++)
   {
   print min[i],max[i];
   }     
}

现在，其产量你应该明白发生了什么：

Now, with its output you should understand what happens:

initial min[1] 0.3
initial max[1] 0.3
initial min[2] 3.3
initial max[2] 3.3
initial min[3] 0.5
initial max[3] 0.5
initial min[4] 3.6
initial max[4] 3.6
New max[1] 0.9
New max[2] 4.7
New max[3] 2.5
New min[4] 1.6
New min[1] 0.2
New min[2] 2.7
New max[3] 6.3
New max[4] 9.3
New min[2] 1.6
New max[3] 8.9
min     max
0.2     0.9
1.6     4.7
0.5     8.9
1.6     9.3

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