阵列状的数据结构在bash（配置文件）？ [英] Array like data structure in bash (config file)?

问题描述

我写了一个bash脚本，它处理多个文件。我现在想添加一个配置文件的支持。这是我想要的数据结构：

I've written a bash script, which process multiple files. I now want to add support for a config file. This is my wanted data structure:

Array ( 
    [0] => Array (
        [name] => datset1
        [path] => /var/lib/bliTool/ds1
        [type] => cvs
    )

    [1] => Array (
        [name] => datset2
        [path] => /var/lib/bliTool/ds2
        [type] => xml
    )

    [2] => Array (
        [name] => datset3
        [path] => /home/igor/test/ds3
        [type] => cvs
    )
)

Q1 是这样的数据结构可能的bash内？还有没有其他的建议？请记住，这应该是在配置文件...

Q1 Is such a data structure possible within bash? Are there other recommendations? Remember, this should be in a config file...

Q2：我想每个'设置'关于一个配置文件像

Q2: I am thinking about one configuration file per 'set' like

/etc/myApp/
/etc/myApp/myApp.conf
/etc/myApp/datasets.d/
/etc/myApp/datasets.d/ds1.conf
/etc/myApp/datasets.d/ds2.conf
/etc/myApp/datasets.d/dsN.conf

和每 /etc/myApp/datasets.d/dsN.conf 的文件看起来像

name=The DS name
path=/the/path/to/the/ds/files
type=thetype

你有什么建议？有没有办法在一个文件中做的一切？

What do you recommend? Is there a way to do everything in one file?

Q3：我要支持元一套多路径值。我可以支持像

Q3: I want to support multiple path values per set. I could support something like

path="/first/path /second/path"

不过，我想我会得到与空间的麻烦，所以我应该像引进

But I think I'll get trouble with spaces, so I should introduce a delimeter like

path="/first/path:/second/path"

要分割字符串。

还是有更好的办法？

推荐答案

您不能在庆典窝数据strutures。在最好的情况，你可以关联数组的名称存储在数组中，并通过间接跳火圈来访问它们。

You can't nest data strutures in bash. At best, you can store the names of associative arrays in an array, and jump through indirection hoops to access them.

$ declare -A aa0=([name]=dataset1 [path]=/var/lib/bliTool/ds1 [type]=cvs )
$ declare -A aa1=([name]=dataset2 [path]=/var/lib/bliTool/ds2 [type]=xml )
$ declare -A aa2=([name]=dataset3 [path]=/home/igor/test/ds3 [type]=cvs )

$ declare -a array=( aa0 aa1 aa2 )
$ tmp=aa0[name]
$ echo ${!tmp}
dataset1

对于第二个问题，它肯定可以定义与部分的配置文件格式，但你需要编写一个解析器能够处理它。其他语言通常可用来解析丰富的配置文件格式的库。

For the second question, it's certainly possible to define a configuration file format with sections, but you'll need to write a parser that can process it. Other languages typically have a library available to parse rich configuration file formats.

至于多条路径，坚持使用：。在理论上，任何定界符可以作为一个路径名组件的一部分，所以分隔符需要，如果它是一个路径的一部分被引用。但是，由于 PATH 使用：作为分隔符，没有历史意识的：是不是一个伟大的人物在路径名来使用，而且它需要 PATH被引用样的参数。

As far as multiple paths per variable, stick with :. In theory, any delimiter could be used as part of a path name component, and so the delimiter needs to be quoted if it is part of a path. But since PATH uses : as its delimiter, there is historical awareness that : is not a great character to use in a path name, and that it needs to be quoted in PATH-like parameters.

path="/first/poor\:path\:name:/second/bad\:path\:name"

然后，它会到你的应用程序来处理背削减：

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