总线错误：错误10 [英] Bus error: 10 error

问题描述

下面是我的code

#import <stdio.h>
#import <string.h>

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
    char *str = "First string";
    char *str2 = "Second string";

    strcpy(str, str2);
    return 0;
}

它编译没有任何警告或错误就好了，但是当我运行应用程序我得到这个错误

It compiles just fine without any warning or errors, but when I run the app I get that error

Bus error: 10

我错过了什么？

推荐答案

首先，你不能修改字符串常量。这是未定义的行为。

For one, you can't modify string literals. It's undefined behavior.

要解决这个问题，你可以让 STR 本地数组：

To fix that you can make str a local array:

char str[] = "First string";

现在，你将有第二个问题，就是 STR 不是大到足以容纳 STR2 。所以，你需要增加它的长度。否则，你会溢出 STR - 这也是不确定的行为

Now, you will have a second problem, is that str isn't large enough to hold str2. So you will need to increase the length of it. Otherwise, you will overrun str - which is also undefined behavior.

要解决这个第二个问题，您可能需要做出 STR 至少只要 STR2 。或动态分配的：

To get around this second problem, you either need to make str at least as long as str2. Or allocate it dynamically:

char *str2 = "Second string";
char *str = malloc(strlen(str2) + 1);  //  Allocate memory
//  Maybe check for NULL.

strcpy(str, str2);

//  Always remember to free it.
free(str);

有其他更优雅的方式来做到这一点涉及沃拉斯（以C99）和堆栈分配，但我不会去那些为它们的使用是有点怀疑的。

There are other more elegant ways to do this involving VLAs (in C99) and stack allocation, but I won't go into those as their use is somewhat questionable.

由于@SangeethSaravanaraj在评论中指出的那样，每个人都错过了＃进口。它应该是的#include ：

As @SangeethSaravanaraj pointed out in the comments, everyone missed the #import. It should be #include:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

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