在现有的C项目使用转到code [英] Using Go code in an existing C project

问题描述

自从进入1.5出来的时候，我开始服用再看看我如何把它们融入我的现有项目。

Ever since Go 1.5 came out, I started taking another look at how I could integrate it into an existing project of mine.

该项目的codeBase的是用C写的完全是低级别的访问硬件和其他有趣的东西。然而，一些更高层次的东西是单调乏味的，我想开始在一个更高层次的语言写他们（围棋）

The project's codebase is written entirely in C for low level access to to hardware and other fun stuff. However, some of the higher level things are tedious, and I would like to start writing them in a higher level language (Go)

有什么办法，我可以从C程序中调用转到code？我安装了围棋1.5，它增加了 -buildmode = C-归档（ https：//开头golang .ORG /秒，我想获得工作/ execmodes ）。

Is there any way I can call Go code from a C program? I installed Go 1.5, which added -buildmode=c-archive (https://golang.org/s/execmodes) which I am trying to get working.

不过，我似乎无法得到转到生成相应的头文件，让我的项目实际编译。当我产生归档，我看到导出的符号功能（使用objdump的），但没有头文件，包括GCC抱怨的功能不存在（如预期）

However, I can't seem to get Go to generate the appropriate header files to allow my project to actually compile. When I generate the archive, I see the function in the exported symbols (using objdump), but without the header files to include gcc complains about the function not existing (as expected)

我是很新的去 - 但是，我爱的语言，并想利用它。有没有得到这个与对方发挥很好的任何习惯的方法（习惯被使用了很多围棋的世界里，我看到了）？

I'm quite new to Go - however, I love the language and would like to make use of it. Is there any idiomatic way ("idiomatic" gets used a lot in the world of Go I see...) to get this to play nicely with each other?

我问这个问题，并特别提到了围棋1.5是，根据该文件，<一个原因href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1nr-TQHw_er6GOQRsF6T43GGhFDelrAP0NqSS_00RgZQ/edit?pli=1#heading=h.1gw5ytjfcoke\">https://docs.google.com/document/d/1nr-TQHw_er6GOQRsF6T43GGhFDelrAP0NqSS_00RgZQ/edit?pli=1#heading=h.1gw5ytjfcoke
去1.5补充支持非围棋程序调用转到code。具体地讲，在一节中提到去code挂入，并从非围棋程序名为

The reason I asked this question and specifically mentioned Go 1.5 is that according to this document, https://docs.google.com/document/d/1nr-TQHw_er6GOQRsF6T43GGhFDelrAP0NqSS_00RgZQ/edit?pli=1#heading=h.1gw5ytjfcoke Go 1.5 added support for non-Go programs to call Go code. Specifically, mentioned under the section "Go code linked into, and called from, a non-Go program"

推荐答案

要建立由C来调用存档，您需要将它们标记为出口CGO的符号。结果
例如，如果我创建一个文件 foo.go 包含以下内容：

To build an archive callable from C, you will need to mark them as exported CGo symbols.
For example, if I create a file foo.go with the following contents:

package main

import (
    "C"
    "fmt"
)

//export PrintInt
func PrintInt(x int) {
    fmt.Println(x)
}

func main() {}

要注意的重要事情是：

• 包需要被命名为主


• 您需要有一个主功能，虽然它可以是空的。


• 您需要导入的包 C


• 您需要特殊的 //出口注释来标记你想从C调用的功能。

• The package needs to be called main
• You need to have a main function, although it can be empty.
• You need to import the package C
• You need special //export comments to mark the functions you want callable from C.

我可以编译为使用以下命令一个C调用静态库：

I can compile it as a C callable static library with the following command:

go build -buildmode=c-archive foo.go

结果将是一个存档 foo.a 和标题 foo.h中。在标题中，我们得到以下（eliding无关的部分）：

The results will be an archive foo.a and a header foo.h. In the header, we get the following (eliding irrelevant parts):

...
typedef long long GoInt64;
...
typedef GoInt64 GoInt;
...
extern void PrintInt(GoInt p0);
...

所以，这足以叫导出的函数。我们可以编写调用它像这样一个简单的C程序：

So that's enough to call the exported function. We can write a simple C program that calls it like so:

#include "foo.h"

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    PrintInt(42);
    return 0;
}

我们可以用命令编译如下：

We can compile it with a command like:

gcc -pthread foo.c foo.a -o foo

是必须的 -pthread 选项，因为Go运行时利用线程。当我运行生成的可执行文件它打印 42 。

The -pthread option is needed because the Go runtime makes use of threads. When I run the resulting executable it prints 42.

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