否定了一些最快的方法 [英] fastest way to negate a number

问题描述

我是今天上午在这里想，这将是扭转了一些正到负和由负最快的方式积极的，当然，最简单的方法可能是：

I was thinking this morning here, what would be the fastest way to reverse a number of positive to negative and from negative to positive, of course, the simplest way might be:

int a = 10;
a = a*(-1);

或

int a = 10;
a = -a;

不过，我想，我采取这一做到这一点，使用命令转移和指针...
这确实有可能改变一个数值的符号，使用命令移位运算和记忆？

But then, I thought, I take that to do this, using commands shift and pointers ... That really would be possible to change the sign of a value, using commands shift operators and memory?

推荐答案

第一个生产：

    .file   "optimum.c"
    .def    ___main;    .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .text
.globl _main
    .def    _main;  .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
_main:
    pushl   %ebp
    movl    %esp, %ebp
    andl    $-16, %esp
    subl    $16, %esp
    call    ___main
    movl    $10, 12(%esp) ;i = 10
    negl    12(%esp)      ;i = -i
    movl    $0, %eax
    leave
    ret

第二个生产：

    .file   "optimum.c"
    .def    ___main;    .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .text
.globl _main
    .def    _main;  .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
_main:
    pushl   %ebp
    movl    %esp, %ebp
    andl    $-16, %esp
    subl    $16, %esp
    call    ___main
    movl    $10, 12(%esp)   ;i = 10
    negl    12(%esp)        ;i = -i
    movl    $0, %eax
    leave
    ret

同样的输出！在生产装配code没有区别。

Same output! No difference in the assembly code produced.

--------------------------编辑，OP真题答案，他用VC ++ 2012，INTEL ARCH -------- -----------

--------------------------EDIT, OP ANSWERS HE USES VC++2012, INTEL ARCH-------------------

使用编译CL optimum.c / FA optimum.asm

; Listing generated by Microsoft (R) Optimizing Compiler Version 16.00.30319.01 

    TITLE   C:\Users\Dell\Downloads\TTH\TTH\TTH\optimum.c
    .686P
    .XMM
    include listing.inc
    .model  flat

INCLUDELIB LIBCMT
INCLUDELIB OLDNAMES

PUBLIC  _main
; Function compile flags: /Odtp
_TEXT   SEGMENT
_a$ = -4                        ; size = 4
_argc$ = 8                      ; size = 4
_argv$ = 12                     ; size = 4
_main   PROC
; File c:\users\dell\downloads\tth\tth\tth\optimum.c
; Line 4
    push    ebp
    mov ebp, esp
    push    ecx
; Line 5
    mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], 10          ; 0000000aH
; Line 6
    mov eax, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp]
    neg eax ;1 machine cycle!
    mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], eax
; Line 7
    xor eax, eax
; Line 8
    mov esp, ebp
    pop ebp
    ret 0
_main   ENDP
_TEXT   ENDS
END

和用第二种方法（A = A * -1）

and with second approach (a = a * -1)

; Listing generated by Microsoft (R) Optimizing Compiler Version 16.00.30319.01 

    TITLE   C:\Users\Dell\Downloads\TTH\TTH\TTH\optimum.c
    .686P
    .XMM
    include listing.inc
    .model  flat

INCLUDELIB LIBCMT
INCLUDELIB OLDNAMES

PUBLIC  _main
; Function compile flags: /Odtp
_TEXT   SEGMENT
_a$ = -4                        ; size = 4
_argc$ = 8                      ; size = 4
_argv$ = 12                     ; size = 4
_main   PROC
; File c:\users\dell\downloads\tth\tth\tth\optimum.c
; Line 4
    push    ebp
    mov ebp, esp
    push    ecx
; Line 5
    mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], 10          ; 0000000aH
; Line 6
    mov eax, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp]
    imul    eax, -1 ;1 instruction, 3 machine/cycles :|
    mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], eax
; Line 7
    xor eax, eax
; Line 8
    mov esp, ebp
    pop ebp
    ret 0
_main   ENDP
_TEXT   ENDS
END

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