编译内核模块，头的问题，问题的makefile [英] Compiling a kernel module, header problems, makefile problems

问题描述

确定我想要编译一个简单的内核模块，当我指向任何含有包括下面的，它抱怨各种东西。

  Linux的头-2.6.31-21 Linux的头-2.6.31-22
Linux的头-2.6.31-21-通用Linux-头-2.6.31-22泛型
Linux的头-2.6.31-21-仿制PAE Linux的头-2.6.31-22-仿制PAE
 

我试图遵循以下站点上的说明：
http://www.faqs.org/docs/kernel/x145.html

我更新了make文件看起来是这样的：

 目标：=参考hello world
警告：= -W -Wall -Wstrict的原型-Wmissing的原型
包含：= -isystem /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.31-22-generic/include
CFLAGS：= -O2 -DMODULE -D__KERNEL__ $ {WARN} $ {} INCLUDE
CC：= GCC$ {}目标的.o：$ {TARGET} .C.PHONY：干净清洁：
    室射频$ {}目标的.o
 

例如，当我在制式我碰到下面的错误，以及更多的人，调查我看到处理器和缓存文件都在ASM-通用文件夹，如何在世界上我应该编译这个如果是在文件的正确的位置没有指向？

  /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.31-22-generic/include/linux/$p$pfetch.h:14:27：错误：ASM /处理器。 H：没有这样的文件或目录
/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.31-22-generic/include/linux/$p$pfetch.h:15:23：错误：ASM / cache.h：没有这样的文件或目录
 

终极目标（吓人）正在建设一个虚拟文件系统，周四... ...（是啊，我知道这是pretty不太可能）
我了解一些make文件，但奇怪的是我的预期，我应该看到类似$ {CC} $ {} INCLUDE，像这样的事情，但我没有看到，在所有的，

有人能解释和/所有的以下几个问题？

1. 什么我需要更新包括，所以它知道正确的目录（如果它的东西就像我使用的是什么内核等，请解释一下我怎么可以算出来）。




2. 有人能解释的makefile如何知道调用gcc和编译？




3. 还有什么我需要知道让这件事来编译？

- 奖金问题

1. 任何人都知道如何建立一个VFS任何真正详细的教程，我有一个项目，我们被分配了另一所学校做了，的 http://oslab.info/index.php/Labs/HW4 ，并根据有限的编程，我们在此之前所做的，它看似是一项艰巨的任务。

解决方案

使用2.6内核，你应该使用内核构建系统。下面是内核树之外建立一个模块的例子：

  ifneq（$（KERNELRELEASE））
＃我们被称为kbuild的物镜-M + = target.o别的＃我们在命令行中被称为KDIR：= / lib / modules目录/ $（壳使用uname -r）/建
#KDIR：= /home/cynove/src/kernel/linux-source-2.6.31
PWD：= $（壳PWD）默认：
    @echo建设目标模块2.6版本的内核。
    @echo请忽略重写SUBDIRS警告
    $（MAKE）-C $（KDIR）SUBDIRS = $（PWD）模块安装：
    ./do_install.sh * .koENDIF＃结束的kbuild检查
#########################版本独立目标###################### ####清洁：
    RM -f -r * *的.o .ko。* CMD的.tmp * *核心.I
 

通过调用使-C（$ KDIR）等等，内核构建系统介入，并做这项工作适合你。

ok I'm trying to compile a simple kernel module, when I point to any of the below that contain includes, it complains about all kinds of stuff.

linux-headers-2.6.31-21              linux-headers-2.6.31-22              
linux-headers-2.6.31-21-generic      linux-headers-2.6.31-22-generic      
linux-headers-2.6.31-21-generic-pae  linux-headers-2.6.31-22-generic-pae

I'm attempting to follow the instructions on the following site: http://www.faqs.org/docs/kernel/x145.html

I updated the make file to look like this:

TARGET  := hello_world
WARN    := -W -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes
INCLUDE := -isystem /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.31-22-generic/include
CFLAGS  := -O2 -DMODULE -D__KERNEL__ ${WARN} ${INCLUDE}
CC      := gcc

${TARGET}.o: ${TARGET}.c

.PHONY: clean

clean:
    rm -rf ${TARGET}.o

for example when I type in make I get the following error as well as many more, investigating the folders I see that the processor and cache files are in asm-generic, how in the world am I supposed to compile this if it's not pointing at the right locations of the files?

/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.31-22-generic/include/linux/prefetch.h:14:27: error: asm/processor.h: No such file or directory
/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.31-22-generic/include/linux/prefetch.h:15:23: error: asm/cache.h: No such file or directory

The ultimate goal (scary) is building a virtual file system, by thursday....(yea I know it's pretty unlikely) I understand some of the make file, but oddly enough I expected that I should see something like ${CC} ${INCLUDE}, things like this, but I don't see that at all,

Can someone explain and/all of the following questions?

1. What do I need to update my include to so it knows the right directory (and if it's something like what kernel I'm using etc, please explain how I can figure this out).

2. Can someone explain how the makefile knows to call gcc and compile?

3. Is there anything else I need to know to get this thing to compile?

-- Bonus question

1. Anyone know any REALLY detailed tutorials about how to build a VFS, I have a project we were assigned that another school did, http://oslab.info/index.php/Labs/HW4, and based on the limited programming we've done before this, it is appearing to be a monumental task.

解决方案

With 2.6 kernel, you should use the kernel build system. Here is an example for a module built outside of the kernel tree :

ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
# We were called by kbuild

obj-m += target.o

else  # We were called from command line

KDIR := /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
#KDIR := /home/cynove/src/kernel/linux-source-2.6.31
PWD  := $(shell pwd)

default:
    @echo '    Building target module 2.6 kernel.'
    @echo '    PLEASE IGNORE THE "Overriding SUBDIRS" WARNING'
    $(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) SUBDIRS=$(PWD) modules

install:
    ./do_install.sh *.ko

endif  # End kbuild check
######################### Version independent targets ##########################

clean:
    rm -f -r *.o *.ko .*cmd .tmp* core *.i

By calling make -C ($KDIR) etc..., the kernel build system gets involved, and does the job for you.

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