32位和64位处理器之间的区别是什么？ [英] What is the difference between a 32-bit and 64-bit processor?

问题描述

我一直在试图在32位和64位处理器念起来（<一个href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/32-bit_processing">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/32-bit_processing).我的理解是，一个32位处理器（如86）的寄存器32位宽的。我不知道这意味着什么。所以，它具有特殊的存储空间，可以存储整数值达到2 ^ 32？

I have been trying to read up on 32-bit and 64-bit processors (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/32-bit_processing). My understanding is that a 32-bit processor (like x86) has registers 32-bits wide. I'm not sure what that means. So it has special "memory spaces" that can store integer values up to 2^32?

我不想听起来很蠢，但我不知道有关处理器。我假定64位是在一般情况下，大于32位更好。虽然现在我的电脑（一岁，运7，英特尔凌动）有一个32位处理器。

I don't want to sound stupid, but I have no idea about processors. I'm assuming 64-bits is, in general, better than 32-bits. Although my computer now (one year old, Win 7, Intel Atom) has a 32-bit processor.

推荐答案

所有的计算都发生在寄存器中。当你添加（或减少，或其他）的变量一起在code，它们会从内存中加载到寄存器中（如果他们不是已经存在，但同时，你可以声明的变量，在一个无限的数量寄存器的数量是有限的）。因此，具有较大的寄存器允许您执行的同时大的计算。这并不是说这个尺寸差事项与其说是在实践中，当涉及到经常方案（因为至少我很少操作值大于2 ^ 32大），但它是如何工作的。

All calculations take place in the registers. When you're adding (or subtracting, or whatever) variables together in your code, they get loaded from memory into the registers (if they're not already there, but while you can declare an infinite number of variables, the number of registers is limited). So, having larger registers allows you to perform "larger" calculations in the same time. Not that this size-difference matters so much in practice when it comes to regular programs (since at least I rarely manipulate values larger than 2^32), but that is how it works.

此外，某些寄存器作为指针到您的存储空间，从而限制了内存，你可以参考的最高金额。一个32位处理器只能引用2 ^ 32字节（大约是4 GB的数据）。一个64位处理器可以更明显地管理了一大堆。

Also, certain registers are used as pointers into your memory space and hence limits the maximum amount of memory that you can reference. A 32-bit processor can only reference 2^32 bytes (which is about 4 GB of data). A 64-bit processor can manage a whole lot more obviously.

有其他后果为好，但这些都是想到两个。

There are other consequences as well, but these are the two that comes to mind.

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