C / C ++ Struct与类 [英] C/C++ Struct vs Class

问题描述

在完成我的C ++类后，结构/类几乎完全相同，除了一些细微的差别。

After finishing my C++ class it seemed to me the structs/classes are virtually identical except with a few minor differences.

我从来没有在C中编程;但我知道它有结构。在C中是否可以继承其他结构并设置一个公共/私有的修饰符？

I've never programmed in C before; but I do know that it has structs. In C is it possible to inherit other structs and set a modifier of public/private?

如果你能在常规C中这样做，为什么我们需要C ++？在C ++中，结构和类是什么使得类与结构不同？

If you can do this in regular C why in the world do we need C++? What makes classes different from a struct?

推荐答案

相同;唯一的区别是，在类中的访问修饰符（对于基类的成员变量，方法，和），默认为private，struct中的访问修饰符默认为public。但是，在C 中，结构只是（公共）数据的聚合集合，没有其他类的特性：没有方法，没有构造函数，没有基类等。虽然C ++继承了关键字，它扩展了语义。 （这就是为什么在结构体中默认为public的原因 - 一个像C结构体一样的结构像一个结构体一样。）

In C++, structs and classes are pretty much the same; the only difference is that where access modifiers (edit: for member variables, methods, and for base classes) in classes default to private, access modifiers in structs default to public. However, in C, a struct is just an aggregate collection of (public) data, and has no other class-like features: no methods, no constructor, no base classes, etc. Although C++ inherited the keyword, it extended the semantics. (This, however, is why things default to public in structs—a struct written like a C struct behaves like one.)

虽然可能在C&mdash中伪造一些OOP ;例如，定义所有指向struct作为其第一个参数的函数，或偶尔将具有相同前几个字段的struct强制为sub / superclasses，它总是有螺栓并且不是语言的真正部分。

While it's possible to fake some OOP in C—for instance, defining functions which all take a pointer to a struct as their first parameter, or occasionally coercing structs with the same first few fields to be "sub/superclasses"—it's always sort of bolted on, and isn't really part of the language.

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