Windows Unicode C ++流输出失败 [英] Windows Unicode C++ Stream Output Failure

问题描述

我目前正在写一个应用程序，它要求我在任意窗口上调用GetWindowText，并将该数据存储到一个文件以供以后处理。长话短说，我注意到我的工具在战地3上失败了，我把问题缩小到窗口标题中的以下字符：
http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/2122/index.htm

所以我创建了一个测试应用程序，只是做以下：

  std :: wcout< < L\\\™; 
  

低，并注意在程序的其余部分中断到控制台窗口的输出。

为什么当MessageBoxW等API显示它的时候，MSVC STL会阻塞这个字符（我假设其他人）？

在Windows 7 x64下在VC10和VC11上测试。

对于建构不佳的邮件，我在这里撕毁了头发。

谢谢。

EDIT：

最小测试用例

  #include< fstream> ; 
 #include< iostream> 
 
 int main（）
 {
 {
 std :: wofstream test_file（test.txt）; 
 test_file<< L\\\™; 
} 
 
 std :: wcout<< L\\\™; 
} 
  

预期结果：'TM'字符打印到控制台和文件。
观察到的结果：文件已创建，但为空。没有输出到控制台。

我已经确认我的控制台使用的字体能够显示有问题的字符，并且文件肯定是空的字节大小）。

编辑：

进一步的调试表明'failbit'和'badbit'

我也尝试过使用Boost.Locale和I

解决方案

要写入一个文件，您必须正确设置语言环境，例如，如果要将其写为UTF-8字符，则必须添加

  const std :: locale utf8_locale 
 = std :: locale（std :: locale（），new std :: codecvt_utf8< wchar_t>（））; 
 test_file.imbue（utf8_locale）; 
  

您必须添加这两个包含文件

  #include< codecvt> 
 #include< locale> 
  

要写入控制台，必须将控制台设置为正确的模式添加

  _setmode（_fileno（stdout），_O_U8TEXT）; 
  

（如果您要使用UTF-8）。

为此，你必须添加这两个包含文件：

  #include< fcntl.h> 
 #include< io.h> 
  

此外，您必须确保您使用的是支持Unicode的字体安慰）。您可以在控制台窗口的属性中更改字体。

完整的程序现在如下所示：

  #include< fstream> 
 #include< iostream> 
 #include< codecvt> 
 #include< locale> 
 #include< fcntl.h> 
 #include< io.h> 
 
 int main（）
 {
 
 const std :: locale utf8_locale = std :: locale（std :: locale（），
 new std :: codecvt_utf8< wchar_t>（））; 
 {
 std :: wofstream test_file（c：\\temp\\test.txt）; 
 test_file.imbue（utf8_locale）; 
 test_file<< L\\\™; 
} 
 
 _setmode（_fileno（stdout），_O_U8TEXT）; 
 std :: wcout<< L\\\™; 
} 
  

I am currently writing an application which requires me to call GetWindowText on arbitrary windows and store that data to a file for later processing. Long story short, I noticed that my tool was failing on Battlefield 3, and I narrowed the problem down to the following character in its window title: http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/2122/index.htm

So I created a little test app which just does the following:

std::wcout << L"\u2122";

Low and behold that breaks output to the console window for the remainder of the program.

Why is the MSVC STL choking on this character (and I assume others) when APIs like MessageBoxW etc display it just fine?

How can I get those characters printed to my file?

Tested on both VC10 and VC11 under Windows 7 x64.

Sorry for the poorly constructed post, I'm tearing my hair out here.

Thanks.

EDIT:

Minimal test case

#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
  {
    std::wofstream test_file("test.txt");
    test_file << L"\u2122";
  }

  std::wcout << L"\u2122";
}

Expected result: '™' character printed to console and file. Observed result: File is created but is empty. No output to console.

I have confirmed that the font I"m using for my console is capable of displaying the character in question, and the file is definitely empty (0 bytes in size).

EDIT:

Further debugging shows that the 'failbit' and 'badbit' are set in the stream(s).

EDIT:

I have also tried using Boost.Locale and I am having the same issue even with the new locale imbued globally and explicitly to all standard streams.

解决方案

To write into a file, you have to set the locale correctly, for example if you want to write them as UTF-8 characters, you have to add

const std::locale utf8_locale
            = std::locale(std::locale(), new std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>());
test_file.imbue(utf8_locale);

You have to add these 2 include files

#include <codecvt>
#include <locale>

To write to the console you have to set the console in the correct mode (this is windows specific) by adding

_setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_U8TEXT);

(in case you want to use UTF-8).

For this you have to add these 2 include files:

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <io.h>

Furthermore you have to make sure that your are using a font that supports Unicode (such as for example Lucida Console). You can change the font in the properties of your console window.

The complete program now looks like this:

#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <codecvt>
#include <locale>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <io.h>

int main()
{

  const std::locale utf8_locale = std::locale(std::locale(),
                                    new std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>());
  {
    std::wofstream test_file("c:\\temp\\test.txt");
    test_file.imbue(utf8_locale);
    test_file << L"\u2122";
  }

  _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_U8TEXT);
  std::wcout << L"\u2122";
}

这篇关于Windows Unicode C ++流输出失败的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！