如何选择应用程序应链接到的VC 2008 DLL的版本？ [英] How to select the version of the VC 2008 DLLs the application should be linked to?

问题描述

我使用Visual Studio 2008 SP1 for C ++。当编译时，Visual Studio需要选择应用程序应链接的版本9.0.21022.8（= RTM），9.0.30729.17（= SP1）或9.0.30729.4148（= SP1与安全更新）的版本的CRT和MFC DLL， 。我想知道如何选择哪两个版本将链接。有人知道吗？

注意：当使用 private assembly ，因为您需要知道要与.exe一起复制的VC 9.0 DLL的哪些版本。 p>

注意，_BIND_TO_CURRENT_VCLIBS_VERSION标记只能确保清单中包含正确的版本。在运行时的DLL版本选择显然不是基于清单文件中包括的版本。即使清单文件声明应使用v21022，.exe也会使用v30729 .DLL。我知道这一点，因为它使用std :: tr1 :: weakptr，这在v21022中不存在。

解决方案

_BIND_TO_CURRENT_VCLIBS_VERSION设置清单中的当前版本 - 或RTM版本。
然后在清单中设置它是正确的方式。

然而，你看到的是装配策略文件的效果：安装了包含2008 SP1运行时的VCRedist程序包，它使用bindingRedirect条目安装策略文件到WinSxS存储中，该条目重定向尝试将RTM运行时加载到SP1运行时。

因此，在其清单中指定RTM运行时的应用程序将加载SP1运行时，并且指定SP1运行时的应用程序将加载SP1运行时。

如果实际上想要使用RTM运行时，即使安装了SP1运行时和策略文件，则需要在清单中指定RTM版本，并使用应用程序配置文件。基本上yourappname.exe.config（或yourdllname.dll.2.config，如果它的隔离感知dll导致悲痛）。
应用程序配置文件可以提供一个bindingRedirect元素，该元素覆盖清单中所指定的任何程序集版本或策略文件。

此配置文件会告诉操作系统加载RTF运行时即使安装了SP1运行时： -

 <？xml version =1.0encoding =UTF- 8standalone =yes？> 
< configuration> 
< windows> 
< assemblyBinding xmlns =urn：schemas-microsoft-com：asm.v1> 
< dependentAssembly> 
< assemblyIdentity type =win32name =Microsoft.VC90.CRTprocessorArchitecture =x86publicKeyToken =1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b/> 
< bindingRedirect oldVersion =9.0.30729.1newVersion =9.0.21022.8/> 
< / dependentAssembly> 
< / assemblyBinding> 
< / windows> 
< / configuration> 
  

注意：oldVersion允许为范围： oldVersion =9.0。 30729.1-9.1.0.0

请参阅：在MSDN上记录的应用程序配置文件。

I'm using Visual Studio 2008 SP1 for C++. When compiling, Visual Studio needs to choose against which version of the CRT and MFC DLLs the application should be linked, version 9.0.21022.8 (= RTM), 9.0.30729.17 (= SP1) or 9.0.30729.4148 (= SP1 with security update). I'd like to know how you can choose which of both versions will be linked against. Does anyone know?

Note: this is important when using a private assembly, because you need to know which versions of the VC 9.0 DLLs to copy along with the .exe.

Note that the _BIND_TO_CURRENT_VCLIBS_VERSION flag only makes sure that the right version is included in the manifest. The DLL version selection at runtime is apparently not done based upon the version that is included in the manifest file. Even if the manifest file says that v21022 should be used, the .exe uses the v30729 .DLLs. I know this, because it uses std::tr1::weakptr, which is not present in v21022.

解决方案

_BIND_TO_CURRENT_VCLIBS_VERSION sets the current version in the manifest - or the RTM version if not. And setting it in the manifest is the correct way to do this.

What you are seeing however is the effects of an assembly policy file :- When the VCRedist package containing the 2008 SP1 runtime is installed, it installs a policy file into the WinSxS store with a bindingRedirect entry that redirects attempts to load the RTM runtime to the SP1 runtime.

So applications that specify the RTM runtime in their manifest will load the SP1 runtime, and applications that specify the SP1 runtime, will load the SP1 runtime.

If you actually DO want to use the RTM runtime, even when the SP1 runtime and policy files are installed, then you need to specify the RTM version in your manifest, AND make use of an application configuration file. Basically "yourappname.exe.config" ( or "yourdllname.dll.2.config" if its an isolation aware dll causing grief). Application congifuration files can supply a bindingRedirect element that overrides any assembly version specified in the manifest, or policy files.

This config file will tell the OS to load the RTM runtime even if the SP1 runtime is installed :-

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<configuration>
    <windows>
        <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
            <dependentAssembly>
                <assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC90.CRT" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b"/>
                <bindingRedirect oldVersion="9.0.30729.1" newVersion="9.0.21022.8"/>
            </dependentAssembly>
        </assemblyBinding>
    </windows>
</configuration>

Note: oldVersion is allowed to be a range: oldVersion="9.0.30729.1-9.1.0.0"

See: Application Configuration Files documented on MSDN.

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