C ++ 11 std :: thread vs windows CreateThread [英] C++11 std::thread vs windows CreateThread

问题描述

哪些选项更适合在Visual C ++下创建（和管理）线程：C ++ 11 std :: thread 或 WinAPI 函数（例如 CreateThread ， _beginthreadex 等），为什么？

Which option is better for creating (and managing) threads under Visual C++: C++11 std::thread or WinAPI functions (such as CreateThread, _beginthreadex, etc.) and why?

推荐答案

可移植性

std :: thread 是C ++ 11标准的新手 - 有了它，你可以在C ++中编写支持C ++ 11的编译器中的可移植代码。你可以感觉到未来。

Portability

std::thread is new to C++11 standard - with it, you can write portable code in C++ across compilers supporting C++11. You can feel the future in it.

它是基于 boost :: thread ，它支持不支持C ++ 11的旧编译器 - 这使得移植到其他平台更容易。

It is based on boost::thread, which supports older compilers not supporting C++11 - which makes porting to other platforms even easier.

如果您需要使用平台特定技巧， std :: thread :: native_handle 是要走的路。

If you need to use platform specific tricks, std::thread::native_handle is the way to go.

CreateThread 是特定于WinAPI的，这意味着编写非可移植代码。

CreateThread is specific to WinAPI, this implies writing non-portable code. Also, this API is quite old and more inconvenient to use.

WinAPI是一个C API不鼓励现代 C ++ 好 实践。你创建的每一个线程原语，你必须以后手动销毁。

WinAPI is a C API which does not encourage modern C++ good practices. Every threading primitive you create, you must later destroy manually.

这不是C ++ 11中的线程库的情况，这使得更高级的抽象更容易写。虽然 std :: thread 仍然是相当低级的（你 .join（）或 .detach（）你的线程，或者线程析构函数将终止你的程序），C ++ 11线程库有 std :: lock_guard 其他锁类支持互斥锁的RAII。

This is not the case for thread library in C++11, and this makes higher-level abstractions easier to write. While std::thread is still fairly low-level (either you .join() or .detach() your thread, or the thread destructor will terminate your program), C++11 threading library has std::lock_guard and other lock classes for supporting RAII for mutexes.

虽然C ++ 11有一些更高级的抽象，如 std :: async

While C++11 has some higher-level abstractions, like std::async for launching functions asynchronously, it does not provide other abstractions like threadpools, so you may want to use other libraries.

WinAPI只能调用具有特定签名的函数指针 - 这很容易出现与类型安全，对象生命周期和管理不当的内存有关的错误。

WinAPI can only call function pointers with specific signature - which is prone to bugs related to type safety, lifetime of objects and mismanaging memory.

std :: thread 可以呼叫任何可呼叫物件：

std::thread can call any callable object:

// call free-standing function in a separate thread
std::thread first(func);

// call free-standing function with arguments (1, 2), in a separate thread
std::thread second(func, 1, 2); 

// call static member function in a separate thread
std::thread third(&A::static_memfun); 

// call non-static member of a temporary in a separate thread
std::thread fourth(&A::memfun, A());

//call std::function in a separate thread
std::function<void(int)> callback = std::bind(func, 1, _1);
std::thread fifth(callback, 2);

// call a function object
Functor f;
std::thread sixth(f);

TL; DR ：没有理由使用WinAPI线程作为在新的C ++代码中的主线程机制。

TL;DR: There is no reason to use WinAPI threads as the main threading mechanism in new C++ code.

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