成员函数与非成员函数？ [英] Member function vs. nonmember function?

问题描述

对于在类上操作的函数应该是成员函数还是非成员函数，您的规则是什么？
例如，我有一个类，它代表一个使用bools矩阵的迷宫。我正在做一个函数叫isConnected，它验证迷宫中的2点在同一区域（即可以从A到B）。

是会员还是非会员？什么是好规则？

解决方案

何时成为会员函数：

• 当函数与类（如你的迷宫连接示例）逻辑耦合时


• 当函数需要访问私有或受保护的成员时，

何时使其成为独立功能

• 当它是一个泛型函数，可以模板化以自然地在其他类上工作（查看<算法>标题为好例子）





What is your rule for which functions that operate on a class should be member functions vs. nonmember functions? For example, I have a class which represents a maze using a matrix of bools. I am making a function called isConnected which verifies that 2 points in the maze are in the same region (i.e. it is possible to travel from A to B).

Should this be member or nonmember? What is a good rule?

解决方案

When to make it a member function:

• when the function is logically coupled with the class (like your maze connectedness example)
• when the function needs to access private or protected members, it's better to make it a member than a friend.

When to make it a standalone function

• when it's a generic function that can be templatized to naturally work on other classes (look at the <algorithms> header for good example)

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