配置没有全局或静态变量的Bison和Flex [英] Configuring Bison and Flex without global or static variable

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问题描述

我使用小语言/ IDE。我需要知道如何配置flex和bison一起工作,但不使用任何全局或静态变量。我需要传递给bison我的AST指针。我也需要bison传递我的AST flex。这是一个线程环境,但我不需要任何线程同步。我需要一个separete yylineno变量为每个yyparse()调用。我阅读了关于%define api.pure,%parse-param和%选项可重入。但我不知道如何让他们一起工作... thx提前...



我试过:



scanner.l:

 %{

#include< iostream>
#include< sstream>
#includeparser.tab.h
#define YY_DECL externCint yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp,yyscan_t scanner)
extern void yyerror(yyscan_t scanner,NBloco * bloco,const char * s);

%}

%option noyywrap
%option yylineno
%option reentrant
%option bison-bridge

%%
//...scanner代码

parser.y:

 %{
#include< iostream&
#includeAST.h

#ifndef YY_TYPEDEF_YY_SCANNER_T
#define YY_TYPEDEF_YY_SCANNER_T
typedef void * yyscan_t;
#endif

externCint yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp,yyscan_t scanner);
externCFILE * yyin;
extern int yylineno;
void yyerror(yyscan_t scanner,NBloco * bloco,const char * s);
%}

%union {
//联盟代码
}

%define api.pure full
%lex -param {yyscan_t scanner}
%parse-param {yyscan_t scanner}
%parse-param {NBlock * block}

// tokens ...
/ / types ...

%%

//解析器代码...

我有这个:

  parser.y:13:22:warning:'yylex '初始化和声明'extern'[默认启用] externCint yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp,yyscan_t scanner); 


parser.y:13:22:错误:'YYSTYPE'未在此范围内声明


parser.y:13:32 :error:'lvalp'未在此范围内声明externCint yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp,yyscan_t scanner);


parser.y:13:48:error:预期的主表达式'scanner'
externCint yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp,yyscan_t scanner);

^
parser.y:13:55:error:初始化器中作为复合表达式处理的表达式列表[-fpermissive]
externCint yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp, yyscan_t scanner);

^
parser.tab.c:在函数'int yyparse(yyscan_t,NBloco *)':
parser.tab.c:932:39:error:'yylex '不能用作函数
#define YYLEX yylex(& yylval,scanner)


parser.tab.c:1618:16:注意:在宏的扩展'YYLEX'
yychar = YYLEX;

//更多错误...



我也修复yylineno是每个文件...
i am基于 http://benlynn.blogspot.com.br/2013/12/reentrant-parsers-with-flex-and-bison.html http://www.lemoda.net/c/reentrant-parser/index.html

解决方案

首先,这里有一个可重入的flex解析器和纯bison示例,用于解析与以下语法匹配的语法:

 ()
(())
()()()()()



lexer.l



 %选项bison-bridge 
%选项bison-locations
%选项ecs
%选项nodefault
%选项noyywrap
%选项reentrant
%选项stack
%选项warn
%选项yylineno

%{
#includeparser.h
%}

%%

({return(LPAREN); }
){return(RPAREN); }

[\f\r\t\v\\\
] + / * eat whitespace * /

%%

/ *不使用lexer.l代码,在其他地方逻辑组织* /



解析器。 y



 %define parse.error verbose 
%define api.pure true
%locations
%token-table
%glr-parser
%lex-param {void * scanner}
%parse-param {void * scanner}

%{
/ *你的最高代码在这里* /
%}

%union {
int value; //或其他任何内容
}

%令牌LPAREN
%令牌RPAREN

%%

文档
:exprs

exprs
:%empty
| expr exprs

expr
:parens

parens
:LPAREN exprs RPAREN


%%

int
yyerror(YYLTYPE * locp,char * msg){
if(locp){
fprintf(stderr,parse error:%s(:%d。 %d - >:%d。%d)\\\

msg,
locp-> first_line,locp-> first_column,
locp-> last_line,locp - > last_column
);
/ * todo:添加一些花哨的^^^^^错误处理在这里* /
} else {
fprintf(stderr,parse error:%s\\\
,msg);
}
return(0);
}



main.c



< pre class =lang-c prettyprint-override> #includeparser.h
#includelexer.h

int
main (int argc,char ** argv){
int result;
yyscan_t scanner;

yylex_init(& scanner);
result =(yyparse(scanner));
yylex_destroy(scanner);
return(result);
}



建立



  flex --header-file = lexer.h -outfile = lexer.c lexer.l 
bison --output-file = parser.c --defines = parser.h --warnings = all --feature = all parser.y
cc lexer.c parser.c main.c -o parser
./parser



注意: OSX的内置野牛已过时,因此请安装3.x:

  brew install bison 

/ usr / local / opt / bison / bin / bison ....



现在,迁移到C ++




  • 将.l复制到.lxx,将.y复制到.yxx

  • 更改输出文件的名称到* .cxx和* .hxx。



lexer.lxx




  • 添加%option c ++

  • 删除可重入 bison-bridge bison-locations

  • 更改所有标记如下: LPAREN yy :: parser :: token :: LPAREN



parser.yxx




  • 添加%skeletonlalr1 .cc

  • 删除 api.pure

  • yyerror



main.cxx




  • 重写它为C ++



挂接词法分析器和解析器对象是一个练习



另请参阅: https:// github .com / bingmann / flex-bison-cpp-example 但是请注意它使用的是旧的bison 2.x接口。



GNU Bison 3.x C ++示例文档


i am working in a small language/IDE. And I need to know how to configure flex and bison to work together but without using any global or static variable. I need to pass to bison my AST pointer. I also need that bison pass my AST to flex as well. It's a thread environment but i dont need any thread sync. And I need a separete yylineno variable for each yyparse() call. I read about %define api.pure , %parse-param and %option reentrant. But i don't know how to put them to work together... thx in advance...

I tried this:

scanner.l:

%{

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include "parser.tab.h"
#define YY_DECL extern "C" int yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp, yyscan_t scanner)
extern void yyerror(yyscan_t scanner, NBloco * bloco, const char *s);

%}

%option noyywrap
%option yylineno
%option reentrant 
%option bison-bridge

%%
//...scanner code

parser.y:

%{
#include <iostream>
#include "AST.h"

#ifndef YY_TYPEDEF_YY_SCANNER_T
#define YY_TYPEDEF_YY_SCANNER_T
typedef void* yyscan_t;
#endif

extern "C" int yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp, yyscan_t scanner);
extern "C" FILE *yyin;
extern int yylineno;
void yyerror(yyscan_t scanner, NBloco * bloco, const char *s);
%}

%union{ 
//union code
}

%define api.pure full
%lex-param   { yyscan_t scanner }
%parse-param { yyscan_t scanner }
%parse-param { NBlock* block}

//tokens...
//types...

%%

//parser code...

And I got this:

parser.y:13:22: warning: 'yylex' initialized and declared 'extern' [enabled by default] extern "C" int yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp, yyscan_t scanner);


parser.y:13:22: error: 'YYSTYPE' was not declared in this scope


parser.y:13:32: error: 'lvalp' was not declared in this scope extern "C" int yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp, yyscan_t scanner);


parser.y:13:48: error: expected primary-expression before 'scanner'
 extern "C" int yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp, yyscan_t scanner);

                                            ^
parser.y:13:55: error: expression list treated as compound expression in initializer [-fpermissive]
 extern "C" int yylex(YYSTYPE * lvalp, yyscan_t scanner);

                                                   ^
parser.tab.c: In function 'int yyparse(yyscan_t, NBloco*)':
parser.tab.c:932:39: error: 'yylex' cannot be used as a function
 # define YYLEX yylex (&yylval, scanner)


parser.tab.c:1618:16: note: in expansion of macro 'YYLEX'
       yychar = YYLEX;

// more errors...

I also to fix the yylineno to be per file... i am basing on http://benlynn.blogspot.com.br/2013/12/reentrant-parsers-with-flex-and-bison.html and http://www.lemoda.net/c/reentrant-parser/index.html

解决方案

First, here's a C reentrant flex parser and pure bison example that parses a grammar that matches the following:

()
(())
(()())

()()(())()()

lexer.l

%option bison-bridge
%option bison-locations
%option ecs
%option nodefault
%option noyywrap
%option reentrant
%option stack
%option warn
%option yylineno

%{
  #include "parser.h"
%}

%%

"(" { return (LPAREN); }
")" { return (RPAREN); }

[ \f\r\t\v\n]+ /* eat whitespace */

%%

/* don't use lexer.l for code, organize it logically elsewhere */

parser.y

%define parse.error verbose
%define api.pure true
%locations
%token-table
%glr-parser
%lex-param {void *scanner}
%parse-param {void *scanner}

%{
/* your top code here */
%}

%union {
  int value; // or whatever else here
}

%token LPAREN
%token RPAREN

%%

document
    : exprs

exprs
    : %empty
    | expr exprs

expr
    : parens

parens
    : LPAREN exprs RPAREN


%%

int
yyerror(YYLTYPE *locp, char *msg) {
  if (locp) {
    fprintf(stderr, "parse error: %s (:%d.%d -> :%d.%d)\n",
                    msg,
                    locp->first_line, locp->first_column,
                    locp->last_line,  locp->last_column
    );
    /* todo: add some fancy ^^^^^ error handling here */
  } else {
    fprintf(stderr, "parse error: %s\n", msg);
  }
  return (0);
}

main.c

#include "parser.h"
#include "lexer.h"

int
main(int argc, char **argv) {
  int result;
  yyscan_t scanner;

  yylex_init(&scanner);
  result = (yyparse(scanner));
  yylex_destroy(scanner);
  return (result);
}

Building

flex --header-file=lexer.h --outfile=lexer.c lexer.l
bison --output-file=parser.c --defines=parser.h --warnings=all --feature=all parser.y
cc lexer.c parser.c main.c -o parser
./parser

Note: OSX's built-in bison is outdated, so install 3.x:

brew install bison

And then run it like /usr/local/opt/bison/bin/bison ....

Now, to migrate to C++

  • copy .l to .lxx and .y to .yxx
  • change names for output files to *.cxx and *.hxx respectively.

lexer.lxx

  • add %option c++
  • remove reentrant, bison-bridge and bison-locations
  • change all tokens like the following: LPAREN to yy::parser::token::LPAREN

parser.yxx

  • add %skeleton "lalr1.cc"
  • remove api.pure
  • remove yyerror

main.cxx

  • rewrite it for C++

Hooking up the lexer and parser objects is an exercise for the reader.

See also: https://github.com/bingmann/flex-bison-cpp-example but beware it uses the old bison 2.x interfaces.

GNU Bison 3.x C++ Example docs

这篇关于配置没有全局或静态变量的Bison和Flex的文章就介绍到这了,希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持IT屋!

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