如何在Windows上使用std :: system运行带有空格的可执行文件 [英] How to run an executable with spaces using std::system on Windows

问题描述

如何使用Windows上的std :: system不使用C ++ 11运行带有空格的可执行文件

How can an executable with spaces be run using std::system on Windows without using C++11?

尝试看起来明显的在空格中放置引号，但在控制台窗口中弹出运行命令，我收到一条消息，指示完整的可执行路径正在分割空格。例如，我尝试了以下操作：

I've tried the seemingly obvious placing quotes around the path with spaces, but in the console window that pops up running the command I get a message that indicates that the full executable path is being split on spaces. For example, I've tried the following:

#include <cstdlib>

int main()
{
    int no_spaces_forward_rc = std::system("c:/IronPython2.7/ipy -c \"print 'no_spaces_forward'\"");
    // no_spaces_forward_rc is 0 and "no_spaces_forward" is written to console window

    int spaces_forward_rc    = std::system("\"c:/Program Files (x86)/IronPython 2.7/ipy\" -c \"print 'spaces_forward'\"");
    // spaces_forward_rc is 1, and "'c:/Program' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file." is written to console window

    int no_spaces_backward_rc = std::system("c:\\IronPython2.7\\ipy -c \"print 'no_spaces_backward'\"");
    // no_spaces_backward_rc is 0 and "no_spaces_backward" is written to console window

    int spaces_backward_rc    = std::system("\"c:\\Program Files (x86)\\IronPython 2.7\\ipy\" -c \"print 'spaces_backward'\"");
    // spaces_backward_rc is 1, and "'c:\Program' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file." is written to console window

    int no_spaces_double_backward_rc = std::system("c:\\\\IronPython2.7\\\\ipy -c \"print 'no_spaces_double_backward'\"");
    // no_spaces_double_backward_rc is 0, and no_spaces_double_backward is written to console window

    int spaces_double_backward_rc    = std::system("\"c:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\IronPython 2.7\\\\ipy\" -c \"print 'spaces_double_backward'\"");
    // spaces_double_backward_rc is 1, and "'c:\\Program' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file." is written to console window

    int spaces_double_double_backward_rc    = std::system("\\\"c:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\IronPython 2.7\\\\ipy\\\" -c \"print 'spaces_double_double_backward'\"");
    // spaces_dobule_double_backward_rc is 1, and "'\"c:\\Program Files (x86)\\IronPython 2.7\\ipy\"' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file." is written to console window

    return 0;
}

$ b $ p我验证了运行c： \\ Program Files（x86）\IronPython 2.7 \ipy-c打印'spaces_backward'直接在cmd提示符下工作，我很确定我不只是有一个错字。

I've verified that running "c:\Program Files (x86)\IronPython 2.7\ipy" -c "print 'spaces_backward'" directly in a cmd prompt works, and I'm pretty sure I don't just have a typo. This is driving me nuts -- any help would be greatly appreciated!

（我正在使用Visual Studio 2012，并且在子系统控制台的帮助下进行编译。）

(I'm using Visual Studio 2012 and compiling with subsystem Console if that helps.)

推荐答案

cmd.exe 的语法有一个令人讨厌的扭曲。从 cmd.exe /？：

The syntax for cmd.exe has a nasty twist. From cmd.exe /?:

1.  If all of the following conditions are met, then quote characters
    on the command line are preserved:

    - no /S switch
    - exactly two quote characters
    - no special characters between the two quote characters,
      where special is one of: &<>()@^|
    - there are one or more whitespace characters between the
      two quote characters
    - the string between the two quote characters is the name
      of an executable file.

为了使行为一致， std :: system 调用应使用 / S 开关，并将命令嵌入引号中。可悲的是，它没有。这意味着这将工作：

To make the behaviour consistent, the std::system call should use the /S switch, and embed the command in quote marks. Sadly, it doesn't. This means that this will work:

std::system("\"c:\\Program Files (x86)\\Adobe\\Reader 10.0\\Reader\\AcroRd32.exe\" h:\\documents\\documentation\\misc\\calendar 1999.pdf");

但这个看起来不重要的变体不会：

but this seemingly trivial variant won't:

std::system("\"c:\\Program Files (x86)\\Adobe\\Reader 10.0\\Reader\\AcroRd32.exe\" \"h:\\documents\\documentation\\misc\\calendar 1999.pdf\"");

要解决此问题，请使用整个命令 / em>引用的可执行文件路径必须用引号括起来：

To fix the problem, the entire command, including the quoted path to the executable, must be surrounded in quotes:

std::system("\"\"c:\\Program Files (x86)\\Adobe\\Reader 10.0\\Reader\\AcroRd32.exe\" \"h:\\documents\\documentation\\misc\\calendar 1999.pdf\"\"");

在您的示例中，这将是

std::system("\"\"c:\\Program Files (x86)\\IronPython 2.7\\ipy\" -c \"print 'spaces_backward'\"\"");

这篇关于如何在Windows上使用std :: system运行带有空格的可执行文件的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！