c ++基类包含派生类的实例 [英] c++ base class contain instance of a derived class
问题描述
我想知道是否有人可以向我解释如何实现类似这样的东西:
I was wondering if someone could explain to me how I might be able to implement something similar to this:
namespace advanced_cpp_oop
{
class A
{
B b;
};
class B : public A
{
};
}
int main()
{
}
基类的实例可以包含派生类的实例?当上面的代码编译时会产生以下错误:
Where an instance of a base class can contain an instance of a derived class? When the above code is compiled the following error is generated:
g++ advanced_cpp_oop.cpp
advanced_cpp_oop.cpp:8:5: error: ‘B’ does not name a type
编译是:
public class AdvancedCppOop
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
A a;
}
}
class A
{
B b;
}
class B extends A
{
}
b $ b
感谢
Thanks
推荐答案
您需要一个指针和一个转发声明:
You need to a pointer and a forward declaration:
namespace advanced_cpp_oop
{
class B;
class A
{
B* b;
};
class B : public A
{
};
}
在您的C ++代码中,您将创建一个 class B 在
里面A类
,这是不可能的,因为编译器还不知道任何东西(特别是大小) class B
。
In your C++ code, you are creating an instance of your class B
inside class A
, which is not possible since the compiler does not yet know anything (especially not the size) of class B
.
使用我的答案中的代码,您需要动态分配 B
并将其分配给代码中其他位置的 b
指针。
With the code from my answer, you need to dynamically allocate an instance of class B
and assign it to the b
pointer somewhere else in your code.
从设计角度来看,这不是真的有意义,因为父类不应该依赖于子类。
On a side note, from design perspective, this does not really make sense since a parent class should not depend on a sub class.
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