如何包括一个特定的Qt安装使用CMake？ [英] How to include a certain Qt installation using CMake?

问题描述

我们在每台开发者电脑上有大量的Qt副本 - 每个项目在第三方目录中都有自己的Qt副本。这是因为每个项目都是用自己的Qt开发和测试的;一个常见的情况是，我们需要一个项目的Qt的自定义构建。因此，由于上面提到的，我们有一个单独的SVN repo用于持有各种Qt构建和一个外部在每个Qt项目，这是指那些构建之一。

We have plenty Qt copies on every dev PC - each project has its own Qt copy in the thirdparties directory. That's done due to each project is developed and tested with its own Qt; an often case is that we need a custom build of Qt for some project. So due to mentioned above we have a separate SVN repo for holding various Qt builds and an external in each Qt project, which refers to one among those builds.

问题是，当使用CMake时，我们只能选择一个版本的Qt和Qt4 finder决定什么Qt使用它自己。这不是正确的。我们需要重定向finder来配置项目第三方目录中特定Qt副本的所有东西。

The problem is, when using CMake we can only select a version of Qt and the Qt4 finder decides what Qt to use by itself. And that's not the correct one. We need to redirect the finder to configure all stuff for a particular Qt copy in project's third parties directory.

我试图指定 PATHS 为 FIND_PACKAGE 这样的选项： FIND_PACKAGE（Qt4的必需路径第三方/ Qt的）但这没有帮助。我已经尝试设置 QT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE 变量，但是没有工作。我试图添加所需的QMake的路径（它由FindQt4.cmake用于确定所有目录）PATH变量之前的安装，但是没有帮助。

I've tried to specify the PATHS option for FIND_PACKAGE like that: FIND_PACKAGE( Qt4 REQUIRED PATHS "thirdparty/Qt" ) but that didn't help. I have tried to set the QT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE variable, but that didn't work. I've tried to add the required QMake's path (it's used by the FindQt4.cmake to determine all directories) to the PATH variable before the installed one, but that didn't help too.

有没有办法使用所有的东西，FIND_PACKAGE提供，但某个Qt副本？我真的不想实现所有的Qt包装，手动设置所有的定义，包括，dirs等。

Is there a way to use all the stuff which the FIND_PACKAGE provides but for a certain Qt copy? I really don't want to implement all Qt wrappers, set all definitions, includes, dirs, etc manually.

这是我的CMake项目。也许这将有助于：

Here is my CMake project. Maybe that will help:

CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED( VERSION 2.8 )

#############################################################################

MACRO( ADD_FILES_TO_FILTER rootFilterName rootFilterPath files )
    FOREACH( curFile ${files} )
        FILE( RELATIVE_PATH curFilter "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${rootFilterPath}" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${curFile}" )
        FILE( RELATIVE_PATH test "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}" "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${curFile}" )
        GET_FILENAME_COMPONENT( curFilter ${curFilter} PATH )
        SET( curFilter "${rootFilterName}/${curFilter}" )
        STRING( REPLACE "/" "\\\\" curFilter ${curFilter} )
        SOURCE_GROUP( ${curFilter} FILES ${curFile} )
    ENDFOREACH( curFile )
ENDMACRO( ADD_FILES_TO_FILTER rootFilterName rootFilterPath files )

MACRO( TO_RELATIVE_PATHS filePaths )
    SET( resPaths "" )
    FOREACH( curPath ${${filePaths}} )
        FILE( RELATIVE_PATH relPath ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} ${curPath} )
        SET( resPaths ${resPaths} ${relPath} )
    ENDFOREACH( curPath )
    SET( ${filePaths} ${resPaths} )
ENDMACRO( TO_RELATIVE_PATHS filePaths )

######################################################################

# Define project settings
PROJECT( RealTimeCapture )
FIND_PACKAGE( Qt4 REQUIRED PATHS "thirdparty/Qt" )
SET( BOOST_ROOT "thirdparty/boost" )
FIND_PACKAGE( Boost REQUIRED )

# Collect all required files for build
FILE( GLOB_RECURSE headers RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} "src/RTCF/include/*.h" )
FILE( GLOB_RECURSE sources RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} "src/RTCF/src/*.cpp" )
FILE( GLOB_RECURSE resources RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} "src/*.qrc" )
FILE( GLOB_RECURSE forms RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} "src/*.ui" )

# Preprocess all Qt files
QT4_WRAP_CPP( header_mocs ${headers} )
QT4_WRAP_UI( form_headers ${forms} )
QT4_ADD_RESOURCES( resources_rcc ${resources} )

# Convert all generated files paths to relative ones
TO_RELATIVE_PATHS( header_mocs )
TO_RELATIVE_PATHS( form_headers )
TO_RELATIVE_PATHS( resources_rcc )

# Create executable
ADD_EXECUTABLE( RealTimeCapture ${headers} ${sources} ${header_mocs} ${form_headers} ${resources_rcc} )
SET_TARGET_PROPERTIES( RealTimeCapture PROPERTIES COMPILE_FLAGS "/Zc:wchar_t-" )

# Set filters for project according to its namespaces
FILE( RELATIVE_PATH buildDir ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR} )
ADD_FILES_TO_FILTER( "Headers" "src/RTCF/include" "${headers}" )
ADD_FILES_TO_FILTER( "Sources" "src/RTCF/src" "${sources}" )
ADD_FILES_TO_FILTER( "Generated" "${buildDir}/src/RTCF/include" "${header_mocs}" )
ADD_FILES_TO_FILTER( "Forms" "${buildDir}/src/RTCF/include" "${form_headers}" )
ADD_FILES_TO_FILTER( "Resources" "${buildDir}" "${resources_rcc}" )

# Set additional include directories
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR} )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( "src" )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( "src/RTCF/include" )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( "thirdparty" )

# Configure Qt
SET( QT_USE_QTNETWORK TRUE )
SET( QT_USE_QTSQL TRUE )
SET( QT_USE_QTSCRIPT TRUE )
SET( QT_USE_QTXML TRUE )
SET( QT_USE_QTWEBKIT TRUE )
INCLUDE( ${QT_USE_FILE} )
ADD_DEFINITIONS( ${QT_DEFINITIONS} )
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES( RealTimeCapture ${QT_LIBRARIES} )

# Add boost support
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR} )
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES( RealTimeCapture ${Boost_LIBRARIES} )

# Add other libs include dirs
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( "thirdparty/SimpleCrypt" )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( "thirdparty/id3lib/include" )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( "thirdparty/libtwitcurl" )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( "thirdparty/curl-7.24.0/curl/include" )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( "thirdparty/log4qt/include" )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( "thirdparty/fervor-auto" )

# Add defines
ADD_DEFINITIONS( RealTimeCapture -DQUAZIP_STATIC )
ADD_DEFINITIONS( RealTimeCapture -DBUILDING_LIBCURL )
ADD_DEFINITIONS( RealTimeCapture -DID3LIB_LINKOPTION=1 )
ADD_DEFINITIONS( -DUNICODE -D_UNICODE ) #enable unicode support

UPDATE

正如在接受答案的评论中提到的，通过设置 QT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE CMake变量，可以设置自定义qmake.exe（不同于添加到OS PATH变量的一个）。但问题是，qmake可执行文件具有硬编码的路径到所有Qt的模块。所以我已经解决了它提供一个自定义的 qt.conf 文件（如答案中所述）。我没有在互联网上找到任何例子，所以这里是，也许它会帮助某人：

As it's mentioned in the comments to the accepted answer, I've managed to set a custom qmake.exe (different from the one added to the OS PATH variable) by setting the QT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE CMake variable. But the problem was, the qmake executable has hardcoded paths to all Qt's modules. So I have solved it by providing a custom qt.conf file (as it's mentioned in the answer). I haven't found any examples of it in the internet, so here it is, maybe it will help someone:

[Paths]
Prefix=..
Documentation=doc
Headers=include
Libraries=lib
Binaries=bin
Plugins=plugins
Imports=imports
Data=
Translations=
Settings=
Examples=
Demos=

我使用了这个。您可以考虑在前缀中指定Qt安装的绝对路径。我只是不想在repo中使用绝对路径，可以克隆在任意位置。有关使用 qt.conf 的详细信息，请参见此链接code>

I used exactly this. You can consider specifying an absolute path to the Qt install in the prefix though. I just didn't want to use an absolute path in a repo, which can be cloned in an arbitrary location. See this link about details on using qt.conf.

推荐答案

QT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE 。这个变量是一个缓存变量，所以简单的设置它不会工作...缓存的值将坚持，除非你通过GUI更改它，或者在第一次运行cmake之前，或者在CMakeCache.txt或者CACHE和FORCE选项 SET 。

You're on the right track with QT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE. That variable is a cache variable, so simply setting it won't work... the cached value will stick around unless you change it via the GUI, or before running cmake the first time, or in CMakeCache.txt, or with the CACHE and FORCE options to SET.

这里是我使用的习语，因为我有固定的逻辑选择我的QT目录基于在配置时间已知的变量。这里，我在运行FIND_PACKAGE之前设置该变量，因此没有缓存问题。

Here's the idiom I use, since I have fixed logic to choose my QT directory based on variables known at configure time. Here, I set the variable before ever running FIND_PACKAGE, so no cache issues.

IF(WIN32 AND ${CMAKE_SIZEOF_VOID_P} MATCHES 8)
  # Hardcode a location for a QT toolkit compiled for Win64.  By overriding QT_QMAKE, all the rest is found
  # Choose any version of QT found in the 64-bit tools area
  FILE(GLOB QTROOTS c:/Tools_x64/Qt/*/bin)     # */
  FIND_PROGRAM(QT_QMAKE_EXECUTABLE NAMES qmake qmake4 qmake-qt4 qmake-mac PATHS ${QTROOTS})
ENDIF()

将此项放在FIND_PACKAGE（Qt4）之前

Put this before FIND_PACKAGE( Qt4 )

根据评论中的新信息修改：

EDITING based on new information in comments:

哦，我现在和你在一起。你有什么量的破碎Qt安装。 FindQt模块将始终使用qmake可执行文件来发现Qt树的设置。 Qmake将此信息存储在一组持久属性中，可以使用 qmake -query 查询，并使用 qmake -set 。因此，您可以通过运行qtake并设置QT_INSTALL_PREFIX属性来修复Qt安装，如下所示： http://doc.qt.digia.com/4.7-snapshot/qmake-environment-reference.html

Oh, I'm with you now. You have what amount to broken Qt installations. The FindQt module will always use the qmake executable to discover the settings for the Qt tree. Qmake stores this information in a set of "persistent properties", which can be queried with qmake -query, and set with qmake -set. So you can "fix" a Qt installation by running it's qmake and setting the QT_INSTALL_PREFIX property, as documented here: http://doc.qt.digia.com/4.7-snapshot/qmake-environment-reference.html

qmake -set "QT_INSTALL_PREFIX" /path/to/qt/

旧的SO问题 qmake和QT_INSTALL_PREFIX。如何为Qt库选择一个新位置？，一个未被接受的答案使用qt.conf覆盖QT前缀。

Or, in an old SO question qmake and QT_INSTALL_PREFIX. How can I select a new location for Qt library?, a non-accepted answer uses qt.conf to override the QT prefix.

这两个解决方案涉及修改Qt安装。我不知道有什么办法，但这是如何适应您的存储库和构建系统不在这里。

Both of these solutions involve modifying the Qt installation. I'm not sure there's any way around this, but how this fits into your repository and build system is out of scope here.

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