“源”命令 [英] "source" command on mac

问题描述

我在Mac OS上有一个 .bashrc 文件，其中我设置了一些别名。在我使它和我键入 source .bashrc ，别名工作完美。但是，如果打开另一个shell，我的快捷命令将无法识别，我需要再次执行 source .bashrc 。

解决方案

终端和iTerm 2默认打开新shell作为登录shell。当Bash作为登录shell打开时，它读取〜/ .bash_profile ，但不是〜/ .bashrc p>

请参阅 https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Bash-Startup-Files.html ：

作为交互式登录shell或与--login

调用当Bash作为交互式登录shell或作为非交互式shell调用时 - -login选项，它首先从文件/ etc / profile读取并执行命令（如果该文件存在）。读取该文件后，它按顺序查找〜/ .bash_profile，〜/ .bash_login和〜/ .profile，并从第一个存在并可读的命令读取和执行命令。

因此，可以使用--noprofile选项。

$ b

1. 使用〜/ .bash_profile 而不是〜/ .bashrc 。


2. 使用〜/ .bashrc ，但源〜/ .bashrc 从〜/ .bash_profile 。


3. 告诉终端应用程序打开新shell作为非登录shell。
   

我做了最后两个。例如 tmux ，Emacs中的shell模式会将新shell打开为非登录shell。我仍然从〜/ .bashrc 源〜/ .bash_profile ，因为Bash当我ssh我的电脑。

I have a .bashrc file on Mac OS in which I set some aliases. After I make it and I type source .bashrc, the aliases work perfectly. However if open another shell, my shortcut command will not be recognized and I need to do source .bashrc again. How can it make it once and for all?

解决方案

Terminal and iTerm 2 open new shells as login shells by default. When Bash is opened as a login shell, it reads ~/.bash_profile but not ~/.bashrc.

See https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/html_node/Bash-Startup-Files.html:

Invoked as an interactive login shell, or with --login

When Bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, or as a non-interactive shell with the --login option, it first reads and executes commands from the file /etc/profile, if that file exists. After reading that file, it looks for ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile, in that order, and reads and executes commands from the first one that exists and is readable. The --noprofile option may be used when the shell is started to inhibit this behavior.

So either:

1. Use ~/.bash_profile instead of ~/.bashrc.
2. Use ~/.bashrc but source ~/.bashrc from ~/.bash_profile.
3. Tell your terminal application to open new shells as non-login shells.

I have done the last two. For example tmux and the shell mode in Emacs open new shells as non-login shells. I still source ~/.bashrc from ~/.bash_profile because Bash is opened as a login shell when I ssh to my computer.

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